Cold and Chemical Warmth regulation
- cold therapy is not used to chill
- used as a brief application to give the body sense of danger and thus stimulate its vital functions
- body returns to homeostatic temp once application is removed
The primary response to cold
Retrostasis
Secondary response to cold
Derivation
The hunting response
- occurs when tissue is under cold treatment for 12-15 minutes of more
- the alternating flushing of chemical mediators in response to the prolonged heat. Resisting tissue damage
- Body’s protective response due to the intense application of cold
What is the resulting of reddening of the skin coming from?
the vasodilation that occurs in hunting response that is active derivation
-needed expend energy to occur
What happens to body in response to cold (primary effects)
- surface vasoconstriction
- rapid contraction of erector pilli muscles (goose bumps)
- increase blood flow to deep organs
- increased heart rate
- increased blood pressure
- increased respiration
- decreased perspiration
- decreased digestion
- Decrease nerve conduction
Fortify tonic
- Secondary stage reflex effect
- the stimulant and restorative of area
- active hyperemia
- increase perspiration
- increased cellular metabolism
- increased motality rate of red and white blood cells for up to 2 hours
- increased circulation
- Stimulates endocrine system
- Internal congestion relieved
- Warmth and comfort
- Increase skin and muscle tone
- Decrease heart rate
- Decreased respiration
- Improve digestion
- Improved functioning of immune system
Influences on cold effects
- Form of cold application
- Colder application more intense vasoconstriction
- Percussive techniques make the cold more tolerable
- The greater the temperature difference between the skin and the cooling source the greater the effects
Cold uses
- Chronic diseases
- Hypothyroidism
- Diabetes
- poor skin tone or condition
- Anemia
- Low blood pressure
- Acute conditions
- Fevers
- Mild depression
- Slugish digestion
- For a healthy person with congestion anywhere in the body
- CNS disturbances
- Obesity
What is the inflammatory response
The bodies nonspecific reaction to damage regardless of the type of damage stimulus
What is the purpose of the inflammatory response
Dispose of bacteria at the site of injury and prevent the spread of it and prepare the site for repair
What occurs in the inflammatory response
- Leads to vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels supplying the damage tissue
- Leading to the signs of inflammation
Signs of inflammation
Redness, heat, swelling, pain, altered function
The effects of cold
- Controlling intensities of inflammation and thus potential complications
- Vasoconstriction minimizes blood loss of injury site and reduces bruising or contusions
- vasoconstriction prevents excessive fibroblast migration and activity (scar tissue formation)
- vasoconstriction reduces hypoxia Reducing the metabolic cell rate, there by minimizing cells oxygen demand
RICE
rest, ice, compress, elevation
The stages of cold
CBAN
cold, burning, aching, numbness
Cold contraindications
- fear or dislike of any cold treatment
- result of excessive chilling
- when diarrhea is present (no abdomen)
- Spasmed muscles
- over bony area
- severe high BP
- Hyperthyroidism (cold stimulates the thyroid
- Circulatory disorders
- Sensory deficiencies
- Pitting edema
- Previous frostbite
Cold Rules
- never on chilled body
- if client is afraid
- explain treatment
- avoid chilling
- a min of 10 degrees difference
- short cold treatments be followed by active exercise
- long should be followed by bed rest
General procedure
- Test skin for negative reaction to ice
- Explain feeling (CBAN)
- Continue to numbness if felt
- Oil on skin before treatment diffuses the effect and decreases possibility of burn
