Cold War Mocks

Question 1

How far from USA is Cuba

Answer 1

200 miles from the coast of Florida

Question 2

What year was the Cuban revolution led by Castro

Answer 2

1959

Question 3

How did Americans respond to Castros revolution

Answer 3

They recognised Castro as a leader but withdrew their financial aid as they worried about the communist element

Question 4

What did Castro announce in may 1959

Answer 4

He was taking all land owned by the USA, and its citizens into state ownership

Question 5

What happened in February 1960 between Cuba and USSR

Answer 5

Cuba signed an agreement with the USSR
- USSR would trade it’s oil for Cuban sugar and would provide economic aid to Cuba
- a secret agreement was also made to provide Cuba with weapons

Question 6

What was the USAs response to the agreement between USSR and Cuba

Answer 6

They removed their support for the sugar trade and banned all further trade with Cuba

In January 1961, USA broke all diplomatic ties with Cuba

Question 7

What was the CIA and JFKs plan to overthrow Fidel Castro

Answer 7

•To train Cuban exiles to attack Cuba
•The USA could claim to have no involvement and frame it as a revolt of Cuban people

Question 8

What was the date of the bay of pigs

Answer 8

17th April 1961

Question 9

How did the bay of pigs go so wrong?

Answer 9

• Castro found out about the invasion and sent 20,000 soldiers to protect Cuba

• The exiles had little military experience and had only had basic training so were little match for the trained soldiers

• Cuban people did not support the revolution as US had assumed they would so there was no big uprising

•USA could not send support for the exiles as it would reveal US involvement

• US planes disguised as Cuban ones were recognised and photographs were sent to the world media

Question 10

What was the effect of the bay of pigs on the USA

Answer 10

• It was humiliating as they were now accused of empire building which they had previously accused the USSR of doing

Question 11

What was the effect of the bay of pigs for the USSR

Answer 11

•Khrushchev used it as a way to prove that people liked communism

• Castro declared he was a communist

• Ties between Cuba and USSR strengthened

• 1961 USSR announced it was providing arms to Cuba
(led to Cuban missile crisis)

Question 12

What date was the soviet invasion of Afghanistan

Answer 12

24th December 1979

Question 13

1) What happened in the revolution of Afghanistan
2) why was Brezhnev unhappy with this

Answer 13

1) The communist supporting government was overthrown by a Muslim fundamentalist government

2) he worried that the Muslim government would spread the the predominantly Muslim countries around it.
He also worried that they would ally with the USA as it was rumoured that Amin had asked USA for support

Question 14

How many soviet troops moved into Afghanistan

Answer 14

Over 100,000

Question 15

What did the mujahideen do in response to the soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

Answer 15

They launched a gorilla war against soviet troops supported by the USA
This lasted almost a decade

Question 16

How did the soviet invasion of Afghanistan effect superpower relations

Answer 16

• a proxy war started in Afghanistan with the USA using the mujahideen

•Detente had officially ended and tensions were rising again

• each side accused the other of empire building

• USA responded by increasing their military spending and support to anti soviet groups

Question 17

What were the consequences of the proxy war in Afghanistan

Answer 17

• The 10 year conflict destabilised Afghanistan and there was around 1.5 million civilian deaths

•15,000 USSR soldiers were killed and the war costed them about 8 million dollars a year

• abandonment of SALT II, end of detente and beginning of a second Cold War

• Carter doctrine made

• Olympic boycotts of 1980 Moscow olympics with over 60 countries joining them and later the boycott of 1984 Los Angeles olympics with 16 countries joining it

Question 18

What was the carter doctrine

Answer 18

Any attempt by a foreign power to gain control of the Persian golf region would be seen as a direct threat to the USA and would be met with a military response

Question 19

What year was the Tehran conference

Answer 19

1943

Question 20

What were the agreements of the Tehran conference

Answer 20

• Britains and US agreed to invade Western Europe in may 1944
(Open a second front)

•USSR agreed to help defeat Japan after Nazi defeat

•USSR would gain land from Poland

• New international body would be made to decide of land disputes

•no decisions about Germany were reached

Question 21

What year was the Yalta conference

Answer 21

1945

Question 22

What were the agreeements of the Yalta conference

Answer 22

•Germany and Berlin would be split into 4 zones

• Nazis would be prosecuted

•United Nations would be set up and all countries could join except some in the Soviet Union

• USSR confirmed they would help US war with Japan after Nazi defeat

•future election in USSR would be “free”

Question 23

Who took over as US president after Roosevelt and give some info on then

Answer 23

Truman
He disliked Stalin and accused him of breaking his promises about Poland and the treatment of the prisoners of war

Question 24

What year was the Potsdam conference

Answer 24

1945

Question 25

What were the changes at Potsdam compared to the other conferences and how were relations between the rulers

Answer 25

• Roosevelt replaced by Truman who approached aggressively •Churchill replaced by Attlee whose main priority was repairing British damage •USA dropped the first A bomb on Nagasaki the day after the conference began which shocked Stalin as he thought he should have been warned

Question 26

What were the important agreements of Yalta

Answer 26

• UN established •Germany and Berlin split into 4 zones and would pay reparations in equipment and materials to whoever controlled their zones •Poland’s border moved west

Question 27

What went wrong at Potsdam

Answer 27

•Truman and Stalin did not agree with each other • Stalin wanted to occupy Japan but Truman refused • Stalin started to back out of promises of free elections and implemented communist governments who would do as he said •USA tested first A bomb the second day of the conference which made Stalin push harder for the polish buffer zone

Question 28

What was the immediate effects at the Potsdam conference of the first atomic bomb drop

Answer 28

Truman thought Stalin would be more cooperative but instead he pushed harder for a buzzer zone to protect the USSR He ordered USSR scientists to begin developing their own A bomb Tensions between these two powers hugely increased and this marked the end of the grand alliance

Question 29

What was the difference in aims for Germany between the allies and the USSR

Answer 29

The allies wanted to rebuild German economy so they could become trading partners USSR wanted to use the raw materials produced in their zone to help rebuild Russia

Question 30

1)What happened to the 4 zones of Germany between 1947-48 2) how did this effect relations

Answer 30

1) 1947- Britain and US combined their zone to make Bizonia 1948- France joined to make Trizonia 2) •Stalin was furious and soviets stormed out of the meetings they held to discuss Germany •The Deutschmark was introduced to trizonia which separated the economies •western sectors got Marshall aid •Stalin saw it as the west ganging up on the USSR

Question 31

What month and year did Stalin block the land access to Berlin

Answer 31

June 1948

Question 32

How did the US respond to the Berlin blockade

Answer 32

Instead of sending tanks in which could be seen as an act of war, Truman send aeroplanes to provide supplies to Berlin which Stalin could not shoot down as it would be seen as an act of war

Question 33

When was the Berlin blockade lifted

Answer 33

May 1949

Question 34

What were the consequences of the Cuban missile crisis for the USSR

Answer 34

• Cuba and USSR remained allies •US removed nuclear weapons from turkey and Italy but Khrushchev could not claim credits for it • senior soviet officials thought Khrushchev handled the crisis badly which led to his removal in 1964

Question 35

What were the consequences of the Cuban missile crisis for the US

Answer 35

• Kennedy showed that he could stand up to the soviets and was a good negotiator • the potential nuclear threat to the USA due to Cuban missiles had been removed

Question 36

What were the consequences of the Cuban missile crisis for the arms race

Answer 36

•The hotline (1963) was created between Moscow and Washington to improve communication • both superpowers agreed to slow the arms race -Limited Test Ban Treaty (1963) prohibited nuclear testing in the atmosphere, space and underwater -Outer Space Treaty (1967) restricted nuclear weapons in space -nuclear non-proliferation Treaty of (1968) prevented spread of nuclear weapons

Question 37

How did the slow of the arms race after Cuban missile crisis impact relations

Answer 37

It was the first established barrier against accidental nuclear war and showed the countries working together to improve relations Led to the start of Detente in the late 1960s

Question 38

1) what was the Truman doctrine and what was the year it was made 2) what was the Marshall plan and when was it made

Answer 38

1) 1947- a containment policy that pledged military and economic aid to countries resisting communism 2) 1948- 17 billion dollars of aid was given to help rebuild Europe and prevent poor countries from turning communist

Question 39

What was the effects of the Truman doctrine & Marshall plan

Answer 39

• Eastern European countries were not given aid which increased tensions and solidified the iron curtain • Stalin saw it as an attack on the USSR and accused Truman of empire building • Stalin claimed US was trying to boost the US economy which he called “dollar imperialism” • led to Stalin creating Comecon and Cominform

Question 40

1) what was Cominform and when was it made 2) what was Comecon and when was it made

Answer 40

1) 1947- it organised all the communist parties and stated that take orders from Moscow and were encouraged to trade with each other 2) 1949- gave economic aid to communist countries which aimed to prevent then joining the Marshall plan

Question 41

What was the impacts of Cominform and Comecon

Answer 41

•It increased tensions •solidified the iron curtain •Intensified economic competition • Led to NATO and Warsaw Pact

Question 42

When did the Berlin Wall fall down

Answer 42

November 1989

Question 43

How did the wall fall

Answer 43

It was announced by the East German Communist Official was not given all the information and announced that west Berliners could cross the wall at any checkpoint Thousands of Germans gathered around the checkpoints, climbed onto the wall, celebrated and began knocking down the wall with hammers

Question 44

What were the consequences of the fall of the Berlin Wall

Answer 44

• signified the end of the iron curtain • demonstrated Soviet failure to suppress satellite states which led to the end of the Warsaw Pact in1991 • Accelerated internal Soviet collapse • Show the dangers of communism