Collectivisation

Question 1

What percentage of the peasantry were collectivised by 1937?

Answer 1

93%

Question 2

How much did grain exports increase by?

Answer 2

1928: 0.3 million tonnes.
1932: 5.1 million tonnes.

Question 3

How many died in the famine? What years was it between?

Answer 3

Approximately 4-5 million died between 1932-1934

Question 4

How many families were affected by the search for Kulaks?

Answer 4

1 million families.

Question 5

How much did the amount of grain collected by the state increase by?

Answer 5

1928: 10.8 million tonnes.
1932: 22.8 million tonnes.

Question 6

Aims of Collectivisation.

Answer 6

Aim One: Solve the food supply crisis.

Aim Two: Finance industrialisation, and industrialise the countryside.

Aim Three: Improve agriculture through controlling the peasantry.

Question 7

Why did Stalin launch a campaign to exterminate kulaks?

Answer 7

It was all about increasing his control over the country.

1. The Right supported Kulaks and Stalin wanted to discredit their policies. This was the final step in winning the power struggles.
2. Kulaks were class enemies who prevented socialism reaching the countryside. (Destroy class system. Stop kulaks being voted into congress. Kulaks were successful entrepreneurs and likely to criticise the regime.)
3. Kulaks were seen as exploitative and greedy and the cause of the grain crisis. (Grain exports needed to finance industrialisation and feed workers.)
4. Creating hatred of Kulaks amongst other peasants may make them more positive towards collectivisation. (Collectivised peasants = easier to control.)

5.

Question 8

Tractor fact!

Answer 8

By 1932 only 4% of the planned number of tractors had been produced.

Question 9

Private plots fact!

Answer 9

By 1938 private plots were producing more eggs, meat, and milk than stats farms.

Question 10

What percentage of the found Kulaks were transported?

Answer 10

1/3.