YR 4 CAD > Complete dentures > Flashcards

Complete dentures Flashcards

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1
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2
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3
Q

Why is denture pain more common in the lower jaw?

A

Smaller denture-bearing area → increased load per unit area.

This anatomical difference contributes to discomfort and pain experienced by patients.

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4
Q

What are common causes of pain under dentures?

A
  • Multiple aetiology
  • Denture faults
  • Patient factors

Understanding these causes is essential for effective management.

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5
Q

Name impression surface faults causing pain.

A
  • Inaccurate fit
  • Over/under-extension
  • Surface roughness
  • Extension into undercuts
  • Damaged cast

These faults can lead to discomfort and poor denture performance.

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6
Q

How do you detect pressure areas?

A

Pressure indicating paste (e.g. Mizzy paste).

This method helps identify areas of excessive pressure on the denture-bearing surfaces.

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7
Q

What causes poor denture retention?

A
  • Multiple factors
  • Impression errors
  • Border seal issues

Identifying these factors is crucial for improving denture fit and comfort.

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8
Q

What is the aim of impressions?

A

Record full denture-bearing area + sulcus depth/width.

Accurate impressions are vital for creating well-fitting dentures.

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9
Q

Primary vs secondary impressions?

A
  • Primary: over-extended, stock tray
  • Secondary: accurate, special tray (2 mm short of sulcus)

Understanding the difference is important for proper denture fabrication.

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10
Q

Ideal spacing for special tray?

A
  • Alginate/silicone: ~3 mm
  • ZnO Eugenol: close fitting

Proper spacing ensures accurate impressions and better denture fit.

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11
Q

What structures provide support (maxilla)?

A
  • Ridge
  • Tuberosities
  • Palate

These structures are critical for the stability of maxillary dentures.

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12
Q

What structures provide support (mandible)?

A
  • Buccal shelf
  • Anterior 2/3 of retromolar pad

Understanding these support areas is essential for mandibular denture design.

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13
Q

What determines retention?

A
  • Border seal
  • Sulcus depth/width
  • Post dam

These factors are key to ensuring that dentures remain securely in place.

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14
Q

Where is the post dam located?

A

Around fovea palatini, between hamular notches.

The post dam is crucial for creating a seal that enhances denture retention.

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15
Q

What are fovea palatinae?

A

Two depressions near junction of hard & soft palate.

These anatomical landmarks are important in denture fitting.

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16
Q

Why is post dam important?

A

Maintains border seal → improves retention.

A well-formed post dam is essential for effective denture function.

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17
Q

How can you recreate a lost post dam?

A

Add cold-cure acrylic (e.g. Tokuyama Rebase).

This technique can restore the necessary retention for the denture.

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18
Q

What is the polished surface?

A

Part contacting lips, cheeks, tongue.

This surface is critical for comfort and aesthetics in dentures.

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19
Q

Why is the polished surface important?

A

Affects stability via muscle control (neutral zone).

Proper design of the polished surface enhances denture stability.

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20
Q

What is the ideal freeway space?

A

3–4 mm (RVD - OVD).

This measurement is crucial for proper occlusion and comfort.

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21
Q

What causes instability in occlusion?

A
  • Occlusal plane too high/low
  • Cuspal interferences
  • Unbalanced occlusion
  • Teeth positioned incorrectly

Identifying these issues is essential for achieving a stable occlusion.

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22
Q

Define balanced occlusion.

A

No cuspal interference in static occlusion.

Balanced occlusion is important for functional denture use.

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23
Q

Define balanced articulation.

A

No interference during jaw movement (dynamic).

This concept is vital for ensuring smooth jaw function with dentures.

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24
Q

Where should lower posterior teeth be placed?

A

Centre of ridge.

Proper positioning is essential for achieving balance and stability.

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25
Where should **upper palatal cusps** lie?
Over centre of ridge. ## Footnote Correct placement aids in achieving optimal occlusion.
26
Problems with **resorbed ridges**?
* Poor support * Retention * Stability ## Footnote These issues can complicate denture fitting and function.
27
What are management options for **resorbed ridges**?
* Neutral zone technique * Close-fitting tray * Implant-supported dentures ## Footnote These strategies can improve denture performance in challenging cases.
28
What is **neutral zone technique**?
Records functional space between tissues. ## Footnote This technique helps in creating dentures that are more comfortable and functional.
29
What is a **flabby ridge**?
Mobile fibrous tissue affecting impressions. ## Footnote This condition can lead to inaccurate impressions and poor denture fit.
30
Management techniques for **flabby ridge**?
* Window technique * Selective pressure technique ## Footnote These techniques help in obtaining better impressions and denture fit.
31
Causes of **reduced saliva**?
* Polypharmacy * Diabetes * Radiotherapy * Anxiety/depression * Smoking ## Footnote Understanding these causes is important for managing dry mouth in denture wearers.
32
Effects of **reduced saliva** on dentures?
* Poor retention * Trauma * Stomatitis ## Footnote Reduced saliva can significantly impact the comfort and function of dentures.
33
Management for **reduced saliva**?
* Water, saliva substitutes * Lozenges * Adhesives * Treat underlying cause ## Footnote These strategies can help alleviate symptoms associated with dry mouth.
34
Management of **severe gag reflex**?
Acrylic training plate before dentures. ## Footnote This approach can help desensitize the gag reflex prior to fitting dentures.
35
Causes of **denture fracture**?
* Thin denture * Parafunction * Poor handling * Repeated stress ## Footnote Identifying these causes is crucial for preventing future fractures.
36
Management for **fractured dentures**?
* Lab repair (if clean fracture) * High-impact acrylic * Metal reinforcement ## Footnote These options can restore the functionality of fractured dentures.
37
Why is **communication** important in dentist-patient relationship?
* Identifies issues * Manages expectations * Improves outcomes ## Footnote Effective communication is key to successful dental treatment and patient satisfaction.
38
What are the **causes of pain under a complete denture**?
* Over-extension * Under-extension * Inaccurate fit (poor impression) * Occlusal discrepancies (uneven load) * Sharp/bony areas (e.g. mental foramen) * Surface roughness * Thin mucosa / resorbed ridge ## Footnote Understanding these causes is essential for effective denture management.
39
How do you **identify and manage pressure areas**?
* Use pressure indicating paste (Mizzy paste) * Insert denture → patient bites * Identify displaced paste areas * Adjust with acrylic bur * Polish and reassess ## Footnote This process helps ensure a better fit and comfort for the patient.
40
What factors contribute to **denture retention**?
* Border seal ⭐ * Post dam (maxilla) * Accurate fit (good impression) * Saliva (surface tension) * Sulcus depth and width ## Footnote Retention is crucial for the stability and functionality of dentures.
41
What is the **post dam** and why is it important?
* Posterior palatal seal near fovea palatini * Improves retention * Maintains border seal * Compensates for acrylic shrinkage ## Footnote The post dam plays a vital role in the overall effectiveness of a complete denture.
42
What are the key **anatomical landmarks for support**?
* Maxilla: * Ridge * Tuberosities * Hard palate * Mandible: * Buccal shelf ⭐ * Anterior 2/3 retromolar pad * Ridge ## Footnote These landmarks are essential for proper denture support and stability.
43
What denture faults cause **poor stability**?
* Incorrect polished surface (not in neutral zone) * Poor occlusion * Teeth not positioned over ridge * Occlusal plane too high/low * Inadequate extension * Poor fit ## Footnote Addressing these faults is crucial for enhancing denture performance.
44
What is the **polished surface** and why is it important?
* Surface contacting lips, cheeks, tongue * Affects muscle control + stability * Must be in neutral zone ## Footnote The polished surface is critical for comfort and function in denture wearers.
45
What is the ideal **freeway space**?
3–4 mm ## Footnote Freeway space is important for occlusal harmony and comfort.
46
What causes **occlusal problems**?
* High/low occlusal plane * Cuspal interferences * Unbalanced occlusion * Incorrect tooth position ## Footnote Identifying these issues is essential for achieving a functional occlusion.
47
What is **balanced occlusion**?
No cuspal interference in static position ## Footnote Balanced occlusion is vital for the stability of dentures.
48
What is **balanced articulation**?
No interference during movement ## Footnote This concept is crucial for functional denture use.
49
Where should **teeth be placed**?
* Lower posteriors → centre of ridge * Upper palatal cusps → over ridge ## Footnote Proper tooth positioning is essential for occlusion and aesthetics.
50
What are the problems with **resorbed ridges**?
* Poor support * Poor retention * Instability ## Footnote Managing resorbed ridges is critical for successful denture fitting.
51
What is the management for **resorbed ridges**?
* Neutral zone technique * Special tray (close fitting) * Implant-supported dentures ## Footnote These techniques help improve denture stability and comfort.
52
How do you manage a **flabby ridge**?
* Window technique * Selective pressure impression ## Footnote Effective management of flabby ridges is important for denture retention.
53
What are the causes of **xerostomia**?
* Medications * Diabetes * Radiotherapy * Smoking * Anxiety/depression ## Footnote Understanding these causes is essential for managing dry mouth in denture wearers.
54
What are the effects of **xerostomia** on dentures?
* Reduced retention * Trauma * Stomatitis ## Footnote These effects can significantly impact the comfort and usability of dentures.
55
What is the management for **xerostomia**?
* Water, saliva substitutes * Lozenges * Adhesives * Treat cause ## Footnote Proper management can alleviate symptoms and improve denture function.
56
How do you manage **severe gagging**?
* Acrylic training plate before dentures ## Footnote This technique can help desensitize the gag reflex.
57
What are the causes of **fracture** in dentures?
* Thin denture * Parafunction * Poor handling * Repeated stress ## Footnote Understanding these causes is crucial for preventing denture fractures.
58
What is the management for **fractured dentures**?
* Lab repair * High-impact acrylic * Metal reinforcement ## Footnote These management strategies can enhance the durability of dentures.
59
Why is the **dentist–patient relationship** important?
* Builds trust * Identifies issues * Manages expectations * Improves compliance ## Footnote A strong relationship is essential for successful treatment outcomes.
60
What is the most likely cause of a **lower denture loose during function** but fine at rest?
* Incorrect polished surface / outside neutral zone * During function, muscles (tongue, cheeks) displace denture * At rest → no muscle activity → denture feels stable ## Footnote Key phrase: “loss of muscle balance”
61
Why are **lower dentures generally less retentive** than upper?
* Smaller denture-bearing area * No palate → reduced surface area * Less effective border seal * Tongue movement displaces denture ## Footnote These factors contribute to lower retention in lower dentures.
62
Why is the **buccal shelf** the primary support area?
* Covered by dense cortical bone * Perpendicular to occlusal forces → resists resorption * Less resorption compared to ridge ## Footnote The buccal shelf provides stability and support for lower dentures.
63
What happens if the **post dam** is under- or over-extended?
* Under-extension → loss of seal → poor retention * Over-extension → gagging, discomfort, dislodgement ## Footnote Proper extension of the post dam is crucial for denture function.
64
Why must dentures be in the **neutral zone**?
* Ensures balance between tongue and cheek forces * Prevents displacement during function * Improves stability and retention ## Footnote The neutral zone is vital for the proper function of dentures.
65
Why does **reduced saliva** affect denture retention?
* Saliva creates surface tension + adhesion * Without it → loss of suction → poor retention * Increased friction → trauma ## Footnote Saliva plays a key role in maintaining denture stability.
66
A denture is stable but not retentive — explain.
* Good support + fit → stability * Poor border seal / saliva issues → reduced retention ## Footnote Stability and retention are not the same.
67
A denture is retentive but unstable — explain.
* Good suction (retention) * Poor occlusion * Teeth not over ridge * Incorrect polished surface → causes movement during function ## Footnote Retention does not guarantee stability.
68
Why is **balanced occlusion** important?
* Distributes forces evenly * Prevents tipping of denture * Improves stability during movement ## Footnote Balanced occlusion is essential for functional dentures.
69
What happens if the **lower occlusal plane** is too high?
* Tongue displaced below plane * Loss of stability * Increased denture movement ## Footnote The occlusal plane affects the overall function of the denture.
70
Why is **freeway space** important?
* Prevents constant tooth contact * Allows muscle relaxation * Too little → pain, instability * Too much → reduced function ## Footnote Freeway space is crucial for comfort and function.
71
Why are **severely resorbed ridges** problematic?
* Reduced support + retention * Increased pressure per unit area * Instability ## Footnote Resorption affects the effectiveness of dentures.
72
Why use **neutral zone technique** in resorbed ridges?
* Records functional muscle position * Places denture where forces are balanced * Improves stability ## Footnote This technique is beneficial for fitting dentures in challenging cases.
73
Why is the **window technique** used for flabby ridges?
* Prevents compression of mobile tissue * Improves impression accuracy * Reduces denture instability ## Footnote The window technique helps in managing soft tissue during impressions.
74
Why do dentures **fracture repeatedly**?
* Thin acrylic * Poor occlusion → uneven stress * Parafunction (e.g. bruxism) * Poor fit → flexing ## Footnote These factors contribute to the durability issues of dentures.
75
Why is **accurate border moulding** critical?
* Defines functional sulcus * Ensures border seal * Improves retention + stability ## Footnote Proper border moulding is essential for effective denture function.
76
What role does **surface tension** play in retention?
* Thin saliva film creates adhesive forces * Helps “stick” denture to mucosa ## Footnote Surface tension is a key factor in denture retention.
77
Why does **over-extension** cause gagging?
* Stimulates soft palate * Triggers gag reflex ## Footnote Over-extension can lead to discomfort and gagging in patients.
78
Why must teeth be placed **over the ridge**?
* Ensures forces are directed vertically * Prevents tipping forces * Improves stability ## Footnote Proper placement of teeth is crucial for denture function.
79
Why is **patient expectation** important in denture success?
* Dentures have limitations * Unrealistic expectations → dissatisfaction * Good communication improves compliance ## Footnote Managing patient expectations is vital for satisfaction with dentures.
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