What is the 1st layer of compression?
Padding layer: Protect the skin and absorbs exudate
What is the 2nd layer of compression?
Light conforming bandage: Provides comfort and mild compression
What is the 3rd layer of compression?
Compression bandage: Main compression
What is the 4th layer of compression?
Cohesive bandage: Secure and provide extra support
Compression therapy for CVD benefits and mechanism?
Encourage venous return, reduce venous hypertension, manage oedema and skin changes
Mechanism:
- Puts pressure on limb = supports calf muscle pump function and increase blood flow to the heart better
Compression therapy for Lymphoedema & Gravitational oedema benefits?
Reduce and maintain limb volume, encourage lymph flow prevent fluid accumulation, prevent fibrotic tissue changes
What should the pressure gradient be when putting on compressions?
Highest pressure should be at distal (ankle, lower arm/hand)
lowest pressure should be at proximal (thigh, upper arm)
What is compression hosiery and suitability?
- Long term management and prevention for venous ulcers
- CVD
What is multilayer bandaging and suitability?
4 layers of bandaging
- CVD: provide high pressure and active venous ulcer management
- Lymphoedema: for intensive phase (decongestive phase) of limb volume reduction before garment
What is intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) and suitability?
Device using inflatable cushions to providing pressure to limbs, for more severe cases.
- CVD: adjunctive therapy: severe oedema or struggle with normal compressions
- Lymphoedema: adjunctive therapy, severe lymphoedema
What are compression garments and the 2 types? Suitability?
Off the shelf or custom fit garments
2 types:
- Flat-knit garment: for firmer compression and irregular limb shape
- Circular knit: for more elasticity and for early stage lymphoedema
- Lymphoedema
Compression hosiery pressure levels?
- CVD
Levels:
Class 1: 14-21mmHg (mild compression)
Class 2: 23-32 mmHg (moderate compression)
Class 3: 34-46 mmHg (high compression)
Compression garment pressure levels?
- Lymphoedema
Levels:
Class 1: 14-21mmHg (mild compression)
Class 2: 23-32 mmHg (moderate compression)
Class 3: 34-46 mmHg (high compression)
Class 4: >46 mmHg (very high)
What is inelastic system compressions and suitability?
Short stretched bandages, provide high pressure while patient is active
- CVD and lympoedema
why we do circumference?
Monitor the swelling and measure for bandaging/compression
what is stemmer test and how we do it?
- To see if there’s any fluid retained. negative=no fluid or positive=fluid
- pinch the ring finger or index toe
what is godet test and how we do it?
To see pitting or non-pitting, press skin for 20-30 second till your thumb goes white over the bone
