1
Q
What is Network media ?
A
refers to the various channels/ pathways through which data is transmitted between devices in a network.
Physical/Bounded (cable-based) or wireless
2
Q
What are bounded network media
A
Refers to physical cables that provide a conduit for data transmission.
The signals are confined within the medium, ensuring they travel along a specific path.
3
Q
What are the two main types of copper media ?
A
-Twisted pair cables
Shielded (STP) - sig reduce EMI
Unshielded (UTP) - reduced EMI
-Coaxial Cable
4
Q
List the T568-A colour arrangements.
A
5
Q
List the T568-B colour arrangements.
A
6
Q
What is bandwidth ?
A
-Range of frequencies a signal occupies in a channel.
- Digital Signals = associated with data transmission rate (bps)
- Analogue Signals = related to frequency range (Hz)
- Eg, FM station operating at 100 MHz might use a bandwidth of 200 kHz. Means it’s signals occupies freq from 99.9 MHz to 100.1 MHz.
7
Q
What is transfer speed/internet speed ?
A
- is the actual rate at which data is transmitted over a network connection.
- affected by factors like network congestion, hardware limitations, signal interference.
- unit - bits per sec (eg Mbps)
8
Q
Name the following COAX connector types.
A
9
Q
Name the fibre optic cabling parts
A
10
Q
Name 3 fiber modes of transfer.
A
11
Q
What are the names of these fiber connectors ?
A
12
Q
List 4 media converters.
A
13
Q
What is demarcation point or DMARC ?
A
- physical location where the service provider’s network ends and the customer’s private network begins.
- defines the boundary of responsibility for maintenance and repairs between the service provider and the customer.
14
Q
What is backbone wiring ?
A
- Connects sections of the network, such as the entrance facility, telecommunications rooms, and equipment rooms.
15
Q
What is equipment room ?
A
- a dedicated space where most of the building’s major networking equipment is located.
- houses servers, switches, routers, and other critical hardware
16
Q
What is Main Cross Connect ?
A
the physical cabling that provides a direct connection between two different termination locations, such as patch panels, within a data center.
- point of termination for backbone wiring
17
Q
What is Plenum ?
A
plenum is a space in buildings used for air circulation for heating and cooling systems, typically found above drop ceilings or below raised floors.
18
Q
What is plenum cabling ?
A
- Plenum cabling refers to cables that are specifically designed to be installed in these plenum spaces.
- 🔥 resistant
19
Q
How do the following cabling relate in premise wiring ?
A
- Drop Cable:
•Connects main network to individual workstations devices.
•from wall outlet to a device - Patch Panel:
•central point all network cables converge.
•easy management and reconfiguration. - Patch Cable:
•Short cables = connect devices to the patch panel
•used within the wiring closet = connect diff network components. - Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF):
•secondary wiring closet = connects to MDF.
•Distributes network connections to specific areas or floors within a building. - Main Distribution Frame (MDF):
•primary hub for network connections in a building.
•Connects to external network services and distributes connections to IDFs. - Wiring Closet:
•space for housing network equipment like patch panels, switches, and routers.
•Ensures organized and secure management of network infrastructure.
20
Q
What is MDI, MDI-X and Auto-MDIX ?
A
- Medium Dependent Interface
- Hardware interface = establish physical and electrical connection with UTP cable
- Port on back of linking devices like switches, computers etc
- Transmit data on pins 1 & 2, receives data on pins 3 & 6 of RJ45 connector
- MDI-X = Reverses transmission and receiving pins to handle crossover. (no crossover cable required)
- Auto MDIX = Automatically detects connection type. ( no MDI and MDI-X) ports needed)
21
Q
What are transceivers in networking ?
A
- Called Transmitter/Receiver
- a device that combines both transmitter and receiver functions into a single unit.
- usually built on NIC
22
Q
List 4 types of transceivers.
A
- GBIC = Gigabit Interface Converter
- SPF = Small Form-Factor Pluggable
- SPF +
- QSPF = Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable
23
Q
What is unbounded network media ?
A
- Media that is not bound by physical characteristics such as copper or fiber.
24
Q
List 2 types of radio networks.
A
- Broadcast Networks: These are one-to-many networks used for public information and entertainment, like FM radio stations1.
- Two-Way Radio Networks: These allow for duplex communication, meaning devices can send and receive signals simultaneously. They are commonly used by public safety services like police and fire departments.
25
What is spread spectrum in radio networking ?
- a technique to transmit signals over a wide range of frequencies
26
List 2 types of spread spectrum.
- Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS):
The signal rapidly switches (hops) between different frequencies within a larger band. This makes it harder for interference to disrupt the communication.
- Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS):
The signal is spread by multiplying it with a pseudo-random noise code. This spreads the signal over a wider frequency band, making it more resistant to interference
27
How do Infrared transmission work ?
- Data sent via pulses of light
- Needs line of sight
28
What frequency is used in bluetooth transmission ?
- 2.4 Ghz frequency
- Same as wifi
29
What is wireless Access Point. (WAP) ?
- Allows wireless devices to connect to the network
- Connects a wireless network to a wired network.
30
What is Service Set Identifier (SSID)?
- The name of a wireless network
- Visible to devices when scanning for available networks
- Up to 32 Characters.
- The WAP or Wireless routers broadcast the SSID, making it visible to nearby devices
31
What happens when you disable SSID ?
- Devices will have to manually enter the name of the network to connect to it.
- It wont be broadcasted.
32
What is Network Interface Card (NIC) ?
- Hardware component that connects computer to a network.
- LED light to show a quick status of the network.
33
What is a switch ?
- a device that connects multiple devices within a network, allowing them to communicate with each other.
- Common connecting point for nodes on a network.
34
How do switches forward data ?
- Looks at the MAC address of each packet of data for forwarding
35
What is managed switch ?
- allows for advanced configuration, monitoring, and management of network traffic
They offer:
- Configuration options : Web-based or command-line interface for configuring settings.
- VLAN support : Create and manage Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) for traffic segmentation.
- Quality of Service (QoS) : Prioritize traffic based on application, protocol, or user.
- Security features : Access control lists (ACLs), port security, and authentication.
- Monitoring
36
What is Port mirroring ?
- Is a feature on network switches that allows copying traffic from one or more ports to another port, usually for monitoring or analysis purposes.
- Also called SPAN (Switched Port Analyzer)
37
What is link aggregation ?
- is a technique used to combine multiple network connections in parallel to increase:
- Bandwidth: Aggregate multiple links to achieve higher data transfer rates.
- Redundancy: Provide failover capabilities in case one or more links fail.
- Reliability: Improve overall network reliability and uptime.
38
What is Router ?
- A router is a networking device that connects multiple computer networks together via either wired or wireless connections.
- Looks at the IP address to forward data
- Can only be used with routable protocols
- Can be hardware or software
39
what are the diff btw routers, switches and gateways ?
- Routers connect and route between networks. (Uses IP address)
- Switches connect and forward data within a network. (Uses MAC address)
- Gateways connect to external networks and translate protocols.
40
What is a gateway ?
- is a hardware device or software node that connects two different networks using different protocols, acting as an entry/exit point that translates data to make it compatible between them
- NB, not default gateway
41
List 1 Noise control method in networking.
- Grounding
- Special isolated grounding point for sensitive devices (usually orange)
42
What is differential signaling and how does it cancel noise ?
- Differential signaling method transmit data over network cable by sending complementary signals over two wires.
- Noise cancelled through "common-mode rejection".
Signal 1 (original): V1 = Data + Noise
Signal 2 (inverted): V2 = -Data + Noise
Difference (receiver calculates): V1 - V2 = Data - (-Data) = 2Data
Noise term cancel out cause noise is the same in both cables.
Networking
flashcards
Decks in class (7)
# Cards
