Computer Basic Terminology Flashcards

Question

What are the description of hypertext link? What are the description of text hyperlink? an simple Association: An easy way to think of a hyperlink is as a bridge or a shortcut between two locations. Instead of navigating to a new place manually, you can simply use the bridge to get there instantly. an simple Association: a text hyperlink is a road sign. The visible text on a webpage is the sign itself, and when you click on it, you travel to a new destination, such as a different website or another section of the same page. the analogies for hypertext link: 1. fast-travel system like a subway or portal as (hypertext link) & (web page) as a large city. 2. super-powered table of contents or index as (hypertext link) & book as a (web page). 3. (web page) as telephone & think of a (hyperlink) as being like having your phone automatically dial another person for you. (this info isn't on the quiz but it may help u) Is hypertext link same as text hyperlink?

Answer 1

Hypertext Link - These links are clicked on as text, images or files that open another web page. Text Hyperlinks are often a different color than the words around them. How the analogy applies... Element| |Analogy| |Description| Hypertext Link = A bridge or portal: The clickable text or image on a website that transports you elsewhere. Current Webpage = A starting point (the side of the river you're on): The document you are currently viewing. Linked Text = The sign for the bridge: The descriptive text on the link that tells you where it will take you (e.g., "See more about the Golden Gate Bridge"). Destination Address (URL) = The path of the bridge: The technical address of the location you are going to, which the computer uses to get you there. Destination Webpage = The other side of the river : The new document or location that opens when you click the link. The analogy explained... * The visible link text is the sign on the highway that says "Next Exit: State Park." You can read the sign and know where it will take you. * The click is like turning off the highway to follow the sign. It's the action you take to move to the next location. * The new webpage is the state park itself—the new destination you arrive at after following the sign. * A vague link like "click here" is like a sign that just says "Exit Here." You know you can leave the highway, but you don't know where you'll end up. No, a hypertext link is not exactly the same as a text hyperlink, though the terms are closely related.

Answer 2

Here's the distinction... Hyperlink: This is a general term for a reference in an electronic document that, when activated (e.g., clicked), leads to another location or resource. This resource could be another document, a different part of the same document, an image, a video, an audio file, or any other digital content, a text, another element. Hypertext: This refers to text that contains embedded hyperlinks. It is text that is "beyond" just words, incorporating connections to other information. The World Wide Web, with its interconnected web pages, is a prime example of a hypertext system. Text Hyperlink: This is a specific type of hyperlink where the clickable element is a piece of text. For instance, a blue, underlined phrase on a webpage that takes you to another page when clicked is a text hyperlink. the summary of them is that Hypertext describes the network of information, whereas Hyperlinks are the "bridges" or connections within that network but a text hyperlink is simply a hyperlink presented as text. (extra info but it's not on the 1st quiz) The confusion often arises because most hyperlinks on the web are indeed text hyperlinks, using a clickable phrase or word. However, a hyperlink can also be an image, an icon, or any other interactive HTML element, which would not be considered a "text" hyperlink.

Answer 3

I Beam censor- As the cursor moves over text, the pointer will change into an I! This facilitates word processing and copying text. See Blinking Cursor. The garage door safety sensor. The setup: You have an invisible infrared light beam shining between two separate units on either side of your garage door. An emitter sends the light, and a receiver catches it. The detection: When you or your pet, or any object, moves into the doorway, you "break" the invisible beam of light. The result: The receiver detects the interruption, and the garage door is automatically prevented from closing on the obstruction.

Answer 4

similar to typewriter keyboard. the various technologies are such as Motion sensors, true. Keyboard - Similar in part to a typewriter keyboard, this is used to key (type) in commands, text and data.

Answer 5

RAM. random access memory. Memory (RAM) - The amount of temporary storage that you can use at one time. Memory stores ends when the computer is shut down. This is the reason that you save work before turning off the computer. Data is saved from RAM to the computer or onto a storage unit, such as a CD. The Pantry (RAM): The pantry is your main memory, or RAM. It is much larger and can hold all the ingredients, but it is farther away and slower to access than the spice rack.

Answer 6

Modem - This is a way to transfer data through a telephone or cable line generally by the Internet. It may be internal/external medium. Some modems are used to fax or act as answering machines. MAFAF stand for Modems Also Funtions as Answering machines & Fax machines. (these extra info isn't on the 1st quiz) Telephone line (DSL) vs. Cable line (Coaxial)... DSL is a good option if: you prioritize a generally slow, dedicated, consistent connection over top speed, or if cable isn't available. Cable is generally the better choice for speed: if it's available in your area but it can be slower during peak hours. what does "generally" means in this context? means that telephone and cable lines are the common or typical ways that the internet is transmitted, but not the only ways. The Internet can also be transferred via satellite, fiber optics, or wireless connections, so mentioning telephone and cable lines as the primary methods isn't an exhaustive list but rather highlights the most common infrastructure used for this purpose. Without the modem to translate, your computer and the internet would not be able to "speak" to each other. breakdown of the analogy... Your computer's language (digital): process and store info (info is singular & plural) of 1s & 0s. The internet's language (analog/light): Tradition network medias of telephone lines/coaxial cables, transmit data using different signals, like analog electrical waves. Newer fiber optic lines use light pulses. modem as the translator... Modulation: send info from computer to internet, e.g.: loading a webpage. Demodulation: receive info from internet to computer. modulator-demodulator. Analogy explained Imagine your computer as a small house and its parts as the functional rooms inside. internal medium: Internal high-speed storage (typically SSD or it can be also HDD) is like the foundation of the house where all your belongings (files and programs) are stored permanently. It's a critical, built-in part of the structure. external medium: External storage (like a USB stick) would be like a portable storage locker you can bring inside or take with you. The desktop interface (on your monitor) is like the windows and doors of the house. You use them to see and access the things inside, but they are not the house's foundation itself. external medium: A portable briefcase you can carry around with extra files and documents, which you can easily connect to your desktop when you need it. w/ = with. docs = documents. For a modem, the terms "external" or "internal medium" describe how the device physically connects to a computer. An internal modem is a hardware component that is installed inside a computer. An external modem is a standalone device that connects to the computer from the outside.

Answer 7

television (TV) screen. as they both function as display devices that produce visual output from an electronic signal. However, the analogy is imperfect due to significant differences in their design, performance, and intended uses. The desktop interface (on your monitor) is like the windows and doors of the house. You use them to see and access the things inside, but they are not the house's foundation itself. Monitor - Similar to a television screen, the monitor allows you to see the data on your computer.

Answer 8

Motherboard - The circuit board that functioning parts of the computer connect to is the motherboard. The CPU, RAM and cache all plug into the motherboard.

Answer 9

The mouse as a hand : A mouse acts like a human hand, allowing you to point to, select, and interact with objects on a screen that you cannot physically touch. Just as you use your hand to poke, press, and drag items in the real world, you use a mouse to perform these actions virtually. Mouse - A hand-operated device to control the cursor on the screen. The mouse for PCs has two buttons. The button is usually clicked once to select an item on the screen. Double-clicking the left button opens windows or programs.

Answer 10

how two analogies relate to multitasking... It emphasizes the skill of managing and keeping several things going at once when it comes to juggling. In computing, a CPU rapidly switches between tasks, reassigning itself from one task to another, creating the appearance of parallel processing when it comes CPU context switching. (multi-) many. 1. (task) job. 2. piece of work to be done or undertaken. 1. (-ing) When used as a verb with a form of "to be" (am, is, are, was, were), the "-ing" word indicates an ongoing or continuous action. Present tense - "She is painting a picture." Past tense - "They were watching the movie." Future tense - "He will be coming later." 2. (-ing) A verb ending in "-ing" can be used as a noun to refer to an activity or concept. This is also called a gerund. As a subject: "Swimming is my favorite exercise." As an object: "I love reading." As an object of a preposition: "He was arrested for speeding". 3. (-ing) An "-ing" word can function as an adjective to describe a noun. It often describes the thing that causes a feeling or emotion. "The frightening movie scared the children." "Her interesting story kept me listening." "The barking dog woke me up." Multitasking - the ability to do more than one thing at a time. you may have more than one program open at time in the memory, but only one program can actually be fully active. Inactive programs can be processing data or doing other tasks in the background.

Answer 11

Postal system analogy Data: A letter IP Address: The street address, including city, state, and zip code, for the destination MAC Address: The specific house or unit number on the street Protocols (like TCP): The specific rules for sending mail, like using an envelope and registered mail for priority Router: The postal worker who looks at the address and sends the letter to the correct route Road system analogy Data: Cars or packets of goods Local Network: A single building or a neighborhood, where roads are hallways and the building is the network Internet Backbone: Massive highways that connect cities and states Routers: Traffic intersections and street signs that direct traffic IP Address: The street address of a building Bandwidth: The width of the road (a wider road can handle more traffic) Network - A group of two or more computers linked together.

Answer 12

is a person's mouth and ears, as it allows a computer to "speak" (transmit data) and "listen" (receive data) over a network, similar to how a mouth and ears allow a person to communicate through sound. NIC (Network Interface Card) - A card is put in the computer allowing connection to a network.

Answer 13

Operating System - Directs the computer how to operate. It acts as a mediator between the hardware and the application programs that are used for work. This allows access to computer files, loads application programs into memory and closes programs. The toolbox itself is the operating system (OS). You can't use your computer/other devices without it. OS/O.S.

Answer 14

most humans don't need accessories to help them suceed/survive in life. Peripheral - peripherais are 'non essential' pieces of hardwares that plug into the computer externally. they're called 'non essential' because a computer can operate without them. e.g.: the keyboard, printer, mouse, external modem, scanner or external hard drive & etc...

Answer 15

The pointer itself is not the house (the data), but rather the information that tells you where to find the house. analogy broken down... A variable is a house: It is a location in memory where data is stored. The data is what's inside the house: This could be the furniture, the people, or any number of things that give the house its purpose. Think of variable as a labeled box where you can store information like numbers, text, or true/false conditions, and you use the name to refer to the information inside A pointer is a piece of paper with the house's address on it: The piece of paper itself is not the house. It's just a variable that stores the address of the house. "Dereferencing" the pointer is using the address to go to the house: It is the act of following the directions to access or change the contents of the house. Passing a pointer to a function is like giving someone a copy of the address: This is more efficient than "moving the whole house" (copying a large amount of data) just to let them make a change. A "null pointer" is a blank piece of paper: It is a pointer that does not contain a valid address and points to nothing. Following it won't lead you to a house, and can cause a program to crash. A "dangling pointer" is an outdated address: This occurs when the house it was pointing to has been demolished, but the piece of paper with the address on it still exists. Pointer - The cursor is a symbol that moves across the screen to identify location. The cursor appears as a pointer when it is moving across a page and not on text.

Answer 16

USB Port - The Universal Serial Bus is accessed through small rectangular port on the front or back of computer that allows peripheral devices such as digital cameras and external hard drives to connect to the computer. See Ports for other types of connections. Think of it as the "socket" or "slot" on your computer or phone, designed to receive a USB connector. you could think of 'port' as female oval-shaped receptacle on a device where the male connector (found on a cable or peripheral) is inserted. Universal Serial Bus. Connect devices: such as peripherals, cable devices & smartphone + usb cable or smartphone + bluetooth/icloud = connected to the host device. Transfers data: Ports facilitate the movement of digital information between connected devices. Supplies power: USB ports are also designed to deliver power, which can charge devices or provide power to them. (extra info, it's not on 1st quiz) USB-A: The common rectangular port found on many host devices. USB-B: Often found on printers and other peripheral devices. USB-C: A smaller, reversible, and more versatile port found on modern devices like phones and laptops. Other types: Smaller versions like Mini USB and Micro USB are also used.

Answer 17

the breakdown of the analogy... Outdated Method/Old GPU (Library Card Catalog): To find your book, you must search through a physical card catalog. This process is highly sequential and dependent on your skill. You can only look up one book at a time, moving through drawers and alphabetized cards. It's a precise, single-worker operation. Old Video Card (a small team of card catalog workers): This is like having a few very fast, specialized library workers manually searching through the catalog drawers for you. It's a significant improvement over one person working alone, but the fundamental bottleneck remains the sequential nature of the card catalog. A team of five workers can find a book faster than one, but they can't search for a million books simultaneously. Modern GPU/Digital Search (a crowd of researchers with laptops): This is like replacing the entire card catalog system with a digital search engine. You give your request to a single interface, and thousands of researchers with high-speed computers instantly search the entire library database in parallel. They are all working on tiny pieces of the problem at the same time. The scale is completely different, allowing them to find thousands of books instantly. Video Card - This allows images to be sent to the monitor.

Answer 18

Software - These are the programs (applications) that allow the computer/computer's processorto operate or do certain tasks. Software is the set of detailed instructions that tells the hardware what to do. True. e.g.: Some software works behind the scenes to keep the toolbox organized. These are programs, like drivers and system software. (extra info but it's not on 1st quiz) Input & Output descriptions: Your commands (such as typing or clicking) are the ingredients you provide. The final result, like a document or image on your screen, is the finished meal. (extra info but it's not on 1st quiz) User: The user provides the initial input, making choices like which recipe to follow and what temperature to set the oven.

Answer 19

Sound Card - This device allows the computer to reproduce music, sounds and voices. The computer needs a sound card to hear the audio portion of web sites or often to play multimedia games. The answer to whether a sound card is outdated or modern depends on the type of user. For the average person, sound cards are mostly obsolete because modern motherboards have high-quality audio built-in. However, for audiophiles, gamers, and professional audio creators, external sound devices are considered modern and necessary for the best audio experience. (extra info but it is not on 1st quiz) Outdated: Internal sound cards for the average user. Modern: External sound cards (DACs) for advanced users. "info" is short yet flexible form for information. what I meant by 'flexible' is that the "info" can be either singular noun/plural noun/both noun. "/" = or.

Answer 20

Resolution - The degree of sharpness, or clarity or what is seen on a computer screen. The resolution is measured by the number of dots (pixels) of color that are displayed across and down the screen. As resolution increases, the size of the characters and images gets smaller, but sharper. 1. Pixels: The smallest individual colored dots that make up a digital image. 2. Clarity & sharpness: A higher resolution provides more detail and a clearer, crisper image while a lower resolution can result in a more pixelated or "blocky" appearance. 3. Screens & printers: The term applies to visual output devices like monitors and TVs (using Pixels Per Inch or PPI) and printers (using Dots Per Inch or DPI). 4. Measurement: Resolution is often described by the number of pixels arranged in a grid, expressed as width x height. For example, a "Full HD" display has a resolution of 1920x1080 pixels. People Prefer: Stands for Pixels Per, as in Pixels Per Inch (PPI), a key measure of resolution. Incredibly Crisp: Recalls the result of a high resolution—a crisp, clear image. Screens: Refers to the common application of resolution for computer screens, televisions, and other displays. (it is not on 1st quiz) B.C.T. = basic computer terminology.

Answer 21

Scanner - A peripheral device that can copy documents, pictures or photographs directly into the computer converting the images into digital files. Images may then be stored or manipulated (changed). digital items/files can be saved, edited, enhanced using software. peripheral. - copy. - converting. - stored. - changed. (extra info but it is not on the 1st quiz) on how simplified/rephrased cause & effect works in this context with abbverations & ancroyms... Initial stage * Cause: Place a physical doc or pic on the scanner bed and begin scanning. * Effect: The scanner's light illuminates the physical item. Conversion stage * Cause: Light reflects off the doc's surface and is directed toward a CCD (short form of Charge-Coupled Device is CCD) array via mirrors and a lens. * Effect: The CCD sensor measures the light's intensity. * Cause: The CCD's intensity reading is converted into an analog electrical voltage. * Effect: The analog voltage is processed by an ADC (long form of ADC is analog digital converter). * Cause: The ADC converts the voltage into digital values representing image pixels. Output stage * Cause: The digital signals are sent to the computer. * Effect: Software assembles the signals into a digital file (e.g., a digital doc) for viewing and editing. 1. copy -> physical docs (docs is S.P.A. for documents), physical pics (pics is short form of pictures) (short plural abbreviation = S.P.A.) (is also informal slang term for photographs) -> computer. 2. computer converting -> digital images (of doc/pic) -> digital files. 3. store -> images/digital files -> in the computer. 4. change -> images/digital files -> in the computer.

Answer 22

Port - Connection on the computer that allows input devices like monitors, disk drives, the mouse, or keyboards. Common ports are serial for connecting a modem/a mouse. USB for connecting a scanner, digital camera, Ethernet ports for connecting to a network, and audio in/out ports for connecting to headphones or a microphone. (these extra info below are not on the 1st quiz) COM ports are alternative name/short form for serial ports. LAN ports is a short form for ethernet ports. LAN Port: An Ethernet port is a physical connector for a Local Area Network (LAN is acronym of local area network), which connects devices over a short distance, like in an office or home. RJ45: This refers to the specific type of physical connector and cable standard used for Ethernet connections, commonly found on devices like modems, routers, and network cards. Gi (Gi as in Gigabit) Ethernet/Fa (Fa as in fast) Ethernet used for specific speeds in network device configurations. Think of Ethernet port as a network/audio equipment port. breakdown of the analogy... The IP address is the street address: It ensures that data is delivered to the correct building or house on the internet. The computer is the apartment building: It has one main street address, but multiple applications and services are running inside. A port is the specific apartment or office number: It tells the operating system which specific application or service the incoming data is intended for, such as a web browser, email client, or game server. The applications are the tenants: They "listen" on a particular port, waiting for a connection or incoming data. For example, a web server might listen on port 80 for regular website traffic. No, a port is not the same as a USB port, although a USB port is a type of port. The word "port" is a broad term that can mean two different things such as physical port (hardware)/Logical port (Software). Physical port (Hardware): A physical jack, socket, or interface on a computer that you plug a cable into. This is where external devices, or peripherals, connect to the computer. Logical port (Software): A virtual connection endpoint used by software and network protocols (like TCP/IP) to direct network traffic to the correct program or service on a device. (extra info but it is not on 1st quiz) examples of physical ports: USB ports (modern), Ethernet ports, HDMI and DisplayPorts, Audio jacks. examples of logical ports: Port 80: Used for HTTP (web traffic), Port 443: Used for HTTPS (secure web traffic).

Computer Basic Terminology Flashcards

(46 cards)