Desktop Motherboard
-Main circuit of your computer
CPU (desktop motherboard) - Central Processing Unit
- CPU- known as the brain of the computer
- Controls all the functions of the computer system
Peripherals (desktop motherboard)
- Any device, like a keyboard, hard drive, mouse, etc., that connects to the computer, either internally or externally.
CPU socket (desktop motherboard)
- single connector between a microprocessor and motherboard
PCl slots (desktop motherboard) - Peripheral Component Interconnect
- built-in slot on a device that allows for the attachment of various hardware components such as network cards, modems, sound cards, disk controllers and other peripherals
Memory slots (desktop motherboard)
- allows RAM (computer memory) to be inserted into the computer
- in other words stores data and instructions
Power inputs (desktop motherboard)
- where to turn the computer on and off
SATA ports (desktop motherboard)
- known as connectors, and they are used to connect hard drives to motherboards.
BIOS (desktop motherbaord)- Basic Input Output System
- computer’s basic input/output system
- manages the most basic instructions that allow your computer to boot into an operating system.
What is RAM
-Random Access Memory (outside the CPU)
Your computer’s ordinary memory (or RAM ) is volatile memory
- volatile is used to describe memory content that is lost when the power is interrupted or switched off.
ROM
- Read only memory
- not volatile, stays there permanently
SDRAM
- Synchronous Dynamic RAM (one part of the RAM)
What are some examples of secondary storage devices? (non-volatile)
- hard drive
- USB stick
- CD drive
- DVD drive
- SD card
What is a bus?
- A connection between component devices connected to a computer
What did Jon Von Neuman create?
- created a simplified computing model
- includes: CPU, memory, input/output devices , possibly second storage
Two units in the CPU
- Control unit
2. Arithmetic/logic
Control unit of CPU
-regulates and integrates the operations of the computer.
Arithmetic/Logical Unit
- performs basic mathematical calculations and logic operations
What is the processing speed of cpu measured in?
- Computation occurs in cycles
- Base unit: Hz = cycles per second
What is data represented in the CPU?
- Data is represented in “bits”
- Base unit: Byte = 8 bit
What is the cache memory in CPU?
- chip-based computer component that makes retrieving data from the computer’s memory more efficient
How does the CPU work in a 3 step process? (Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle)
- An instruction is fetched from memory.
- The instruction is decoded and the processor figures out what it’s being told to do.
- The instruction is executed and an operation is performed.
Register file of CPU
- temporary storage locations inside the CPU that hold data and addresses
Instruction Register of CPU
- holds instruction currently being executed or decoded
