paging
memory management technique that rotates data between primary and secondary memory to create illusion of more space
kernel
contains basic functions of the OS
shareware
can be installed as a limited trial, purchase to get full functionality
freeware and shareware
protected by EULAs
compiled/programming languages (all or nothing)
C, C++, Java, C#, Go, Visual Basic .NET
interpreted/scripted languages (line by line)
python, PHP, Ruby, JavaScript, Perl
system software
manages computer hardware, allowing other software to run efficiently
compiler
converts high-level language to machine code (binary)