Overall, what are the features of a concussion?
force transmitted to the head (directly or indirectly) that causes impairment of neurological function and is not seen on standard imaging
What are some symptoms associated with a concussion?
- somatic: headache
- cognitive: fog
- emotional: change in personality or mood
What is the assessment tool for concussions and who is it used on?
- SCAT-5
- athletes age 13 and older
When should emergency procedures be activated?
- Glasgow Coma score <15
- deteriorating mental status
- potential spinal injury
- worsening symptoms
- new neurologic signs
What does Maddocks Score represent?
orientation to time and space
What does Glasgow Coma Score represent
level of consciousness
What are some examples of cognitive assessment?
- immediate memory
- digits backwards
- months in reverse
Which foot is used for single legged stance?
non-dominant
Which foot is placed forward/ back in tandem stance?
forward: dominant
back: non-dominant
What qualifies as a score of 1 in the finger-to-nose test?
5 correct repetitions in <4 seconds
==>must fully extend elbow
What is the sequence for return to play protocol?
- no activity
- light aerobic execise
- sport specific exercise
- non-contact training drills
- full contact practice
- return to play
No activity
- avoid physical activity
- limit cognitive activity
Light aerobic exercise
- walking, swimming, running, stationary bike
- <70% max HR
- no resistance training
Sport specific exercise
- movement drills, simple
- no head impact
- add movement w/ increased HR
Non-contact training drills
- more complex sport tasks
- resistance training ok to begin
- exercise, cognition, coordination
Full contact practice
-normal team training
What are some possible predictors of delayed recovery for HS football players?
- migraine symptom cluster
- reaction time
- visual memory
- verbal memory
- dizziness
Vestibular rehab techniques
- gaze stabilization exercises
- standing balance exercises
- walking balance challenges
Subsystem Threshold Exercise
- increasing parasympathetics, decreasing sympathetics improving cerebral blood flow
- contradicts steps
Cervicovestibular rehab
-cervical spine and vestibular rehab techniques
