zero
if + simple present, … simple present
facts, general
exemple
if water reaches 100 degrees, it boils
first
if + simple present, will + infinitive
particular situation, “facts”
exemple
if you sit in the sun, you’ll get burned
(today you’ll get burned but on another day it might be different)
second
if + simple past, … would + infinitive
imagine, dream, future that is probably not true, impossible in the present
exemple
if i were you, i wouldn’t go with that man
third
if + past perfect, … would have + past participle
wish, imagine the result of this situation
exemple
if she had studied, she would have passed the exam