Conditions Flashcards by Kelsy Schoen

Conditon: Aggravating Factors

Extension
Prolonged standing or walking
Walking downhill
Lying flat

** Anything that loads the posterior column **

Spinal Stenosis

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Condition:

Swelling of costal cartilages
Anterior chest pain, loacilzed and superficial
Agg: breathing and trunk movement
Usually resolves in 12 wks

Tietze’s Syndrome

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Condition: Lumbar axial pain that may refer to the LE, pain increased with extension and lateral rotation

Lumbar Facet Arthropathy

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Condition: Represents a pathologic state in which the function of the spinal nerve roots is affected

Lumbar Radiculopathy

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Condition:

Constant or Intermittent pain
Low grade ache
Leg sx rare
Morning stiffness/pain
Localized in low back, rare for pain to radiate

Degenerative Disc Disease

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Condition: Aggravating Factors

s/p vigorous activity
Static posture

Functional Instability

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Condition: acceleration-deceleration injury to the neck, injury to soft tissues

Whiplash injury

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Condition: also known as a limbus fx, caused by excessive compression or distraction and present like a disc herniation

Apophyseal ring fx

Can think of it as a salter harris fx to the growth plate in the vertebral body

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Condition: Presensts with excessive IR

Anteversion

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Condition: Degenerative changes of the spine

Spondylosis

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Condition: Objective

Limited ROM +/- mm guarding
Limited B SB
PPIVM: segmentally limited
PAIVM: limited, painful
NO neuro sx
Palpable tenderness and mm spasm

Cerivcal Facet Syndrome

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Condition: MOI of sudden unguarded movement (i.e. flexion or rotation)

Acute Facet Joint

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Condition: Symptoms

Flexion does not ease symtpoms
Rarely have back sx

Vascular Claudication

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Condition:

AROM to end range limited by stiffness/spasm

Subacute stage of MVA/whiplash

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Condition: Subjective Exam

Ache/stiffness
Cloward signs
Pin in upper neck, head, face, top of shoulder, scapula, posterior upper arm
May or may not have distal sx

Cervical Disc Herniation

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Condition:

50 + yo
Kyphotic position
Extension activities reduc stress on vertebral body

Thoracic Vertebral Fracture

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Condition:

MOI: Sudden neck movement
Synovial capsule impingement w/in facet
Localized pain +/- mm spasm
Acute torticollis

Acute Cervical Facet Syndrome

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Condition: Objective Exam

Skin color or temperature changes
Hair loss
Peripheral pulses absent
LE cramping/tightness

Vascular Claudication

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Condition: Widening of the pars interarticularis fx with increased pain and radiculopathy

Spondylolisthesis

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Condition:

History includes sudden onset of localized back pain that may resolve with continued activity

Protrusion

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Condition: Results in increased intervertebral segment motion

Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

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Condition:

Upper T-spin (T3-7)
Flat or Reduced thoracic kyphosis

Flexion movement impairment

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Condition:

Stiffness > 30 min
Back pain improved w/exercise NOT rest
Awakening during 2nd half of night due to back pain
Alternating butt pain
Less than 2.5 cm of chest expansion

Ankylosing Spondylitis

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Condition: Objective Exam

Flat lumbar posture
Painful/limited extension
Pain with SB on involved side

Spinal Stenosis

Flat back posture unload the posterior column

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Condition: ASIS more lateral and PSIS more medial

Outflare

Condition: Easing Factors - Flexion - Sitting or squatting - Walking uphill - Bike riding

Spinal Stenosis

Condition: pounding headache associated with dizziness and visual distrubances

Vascular headache

Condition: - Slight flexed posture - Lateral Shift +/- - Limited ROM/Gaurded movement - Centralization of pain

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

Condition - Tightness anywhere on the cranium or suboccipital region - Bilat and trigeminal distribution - W \> M

Tension HA

Condition: Body chart can include unilateral pain, buttock pain, LBP, or posterior leg pain to knee

SI Joint Dysfunction

Condition: - Lateral curve w/o rotational component - Can lead to mm spasm, inflammation, injury - Can be corrects with position changes - Tx underlying cause and it will resolve

Functional Scoliosis

Condition: Subjective - Bilat parathesia in glove distribution - Intermittent posterior thoracic pain or scapula pain - Sx worst in evening and with thoracic slump/flexion - Position of comfort is laying completely flat

T4 Syndrome

Condition: head and face pain arising from the UCS

Cervicogenic headache

Cervical Disc Herniation: Pain at back of neck, head and face

Upper C-spin

Condition: - M \> F - 40-50 - Occupation involves lifitng, sitting, oversure

Degenerative Disc Disease

Cervical Disc Herniation: Pain at base of neck and top of shld

C4-5

Condition: Pain worse with incline walking but improved with decline walking

Vascular Claudication

Condition: Pt. may have back pain, leg pain, or a combination of the two

Spondylolisthesis

Condition: - Lateral curve w/rotational component - Can be congential/idiopathic - Can't be corrected by positioning - Can cause wedge shaped vertebra

Structural Scoliosis

Condition: - Hx of neck or shld pain - Unilateral, associated pain in neck, shld, arm - Variable pain, moderate intensity, dependent on movement - NOT throbbing

Cervicogenic HA

Condition: Sudden chest pain, radiationg to back that is unrelenting (emergency situation)

Dissecting thoracic aneurism

Condition: Inflammatory response at pubic symphysis and ischial rami caused by susatined or repetitive trauma to the pubic symphysis

Osteitis Pubis

Condition: - C/T junction or high T-spine segments - Excessive kyphosis - vertebral bodies may become wedge shaped

Extension movement impairment

Condition: Consists of radicular pain in a dermatomal distribution in combination with N/T and motor weakness

Lumbar Radiculopathy

Condition: Subjective - Pain worse distally w/dermatomal pattern - Possible cloward sign - Pain can be constant

Cervical acute nerve root

Condition: - poor posture: hangs on ligaments/posterior pelvic tilt - weak or hypermobile hip/spine - weak gluteals and abdominal wall - prolapse

Weakness of pelvic girdle

Condition: Symptoms - Localized vauge pain - Back and leg pain (can be bilateral) - Presence of N/T and weakness in LEs - Cramping

Spinal Stenosis

Condition: Objective - Increased cervical lordosis and C/T kyphosis - Flattened/restricted upper T-spine - Minimal thoracic movement w/single arm elevation - Local tenderness and sx reproduced w/mobilization between T2-7 - Local hypomobility - ULTT/Slump +

T4 Syndrome

Condition: - UE/LE weakness - B&B dysfunction - Gait disturbance - Due to cord compression

Cervical myelopathy

Condition: Starts as stress fx on the pars interarticularis, typically L5 followed by L4

Spondylolysis

Condition: - 20s-50s - Poorly localized dull ache in back - May have buttock pain - Increased pain in AM - Unloads spine from sit to stand

Protrusion

Condition: - \> 55 yo - neck and arm pain - painful/restricted ROM - sensory/motor defects - intrinsic hand mm wasting/loss of hand dexterity

Cervical Stenosis

Condition: Agg: neck movement, posture, position, Ease: meds, modalities, change in posture, lying down, tx Decreased ROM Pattern: occipital/suboccipital

Cervicogenic HA

Condition: - Localized pain - Reduced motion w/respiration, coughing, and sneezing - Local mm spasm

Rib subluxation Anterior = concavity of rib posteriorly Posterior = prominence of rib posteriorly

Condition: - Pain with change in position - Deep shift/clunk - Difficulty with WB activities - Positive stability tests - Active SLR + - Pain provocation +/-

Hypermobile Pelvic Girdle

Condition - Hx of reciprocal clicks that have now stopped - Often have limited opening range or "closed lock"

Anterior disc displacement WITHOUT reduction

Condition: vertical compression resulting in massive suboccipital HA

Fx of posterior arch of atlas (C1)

Condition: Symptoms - More distal than proximal signs i.e. radiating - Limited ROM and activity - Muscloskeletal involement is central/local

ANR

Condition: no audible sound with full anterior displacement w/o reduction

Locked joint

Condition: ASIS more medial and PSIS more lateral

Inflare

Condition: Subjective - Young \> Old - Commonly L5-S1 - Fluctuating symptoms, rarely radiating - Localized pain

Functional Instability

Condition - Severe back pain - SLR +

Possible Cauda Equina

Condition: Objective - Altered posture - Neuro +/- - ROM limited by closing movements - Spurling + - Neurodyanmic testing +

Cervical chronic nerve root

Condition: Subjective - Agg: looking down or turning head - Limited ADLs - Altered speed of movement - Driving, sitting, work

Cervical Disc Herniation

Condition: can be seen in adults due to repeated (occupational) stress

Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

Condition: History includes: sudden onset but usually due to repetitive bending, lifting or frequent lifting, recurrent episodes

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

Condition: Objective - Uncomfortable posture - Corrected posture/deformity increases pain - ROM only available in 1-2 motions - Neuro +

Cervical acute nerve root

Condition: Aggravating Factors - WB activities: standing, single leg stance, hopping, running - Ascending/descending staris - Pain with change of position: sit to stand, moving in bed

SI Joint Dysfunction

Condition: - Difficulty with activities requiring anterior rotation - ASIS posterior and superior - PSIS inferior - Functionally short leg - Decreased hip extension and anterior rotation

Posteriorly rotated ilium

Condition: separation of the pubic bones anteriorly leads to outflaring of the iliac bones; sacrum is less tightly held and can move anteriorly

Pubic symphysis dislocation

Cervical Disc Herniation: Pain at scapula, across the shld joint, posterior/lateral aspect of upper arm

C5-6 OR C6-7

Condition: Objective - Localized pain but can refer to larger area - Local tenderness with palpation, stiff, thick - Initially hypomoble

Chronic Facet Joints

Condition: - Loss of disc height - Loss of normal lordosis - Lateral clefts at U-joints - Intersegmental hypermobility/instability

Cervical Disc Degeneration

Condition: Objective - Abnormal posture - Limited flex/ext - Painful unilateral ROM (SB or Rot) - Central PA pain \> unilateral - Spurling +

Cervical Disc Herniation

Condition: Objective - SLR (-) - Thickened soft tissue - PAIVM increased, decreased mobility, min pain

Degenerative Disc Disease

Condition: Compression of the sciatic nerve, typically presents with similar presentation to L5/S1, LBP/Buttock pain radiation now the posterior thigh/leg

Piriformis syndrome

Condition: Presents with reciprocal clicks

Anterior disc displacement WITH reduction

Condition: HA with redness under eyes

Cluster HA (vascular)

Condition: Objective - Poor posture - limited and painful ROM - Painful central/unilateral PA - Sensory AND Motor Loss - Hyporeflexia

Spondylosis

Condition: side to side curvature of the spine (Cobb angle) of \> 10 degrees

Idiopathic scoliosis (more common in females)

Condition: Symptoms - Unilateral pain - Less sharpt over the joint - Rarely radiates down leg

Chronic Facet Joint

Condition: - MOI: increased neural tension, stiff joints, natural posture - Stiffness of C/T junction and T3-7 - Flexion restriction

Flattened Upper Thoracic Spine

Condition: Easing factors - Rest - Changing to a new position

Functional Instability

Condition: defect in pars interarticularis

Sponylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

Condition: Symptoms - Stiffness and pain in AM - Increased pain with stretch of joint

Chronic Facet Joint

Condition: Typically occurs in vertebrae from T12-L2

Chance fx

Condition: - Increased tone of pevlic floor mm and mm of hip and trunk - Mm imbalance/incoordination of hip and trunk - Mobility impairment of scar/CT in perinuem, inner thight, abs - Diaphragm tightess/poor use - Dysfunction of pelvic joints - poor posture

Hypertonus dysfunction

Condition: Presents with excessive ER

Retroversion

Condition: Symptoms - More proximal than distal - Minimal limitation of activity

CNR

Condition: History - Past Acute Facet Joint - Never entirely symptom free - Trauma - Degeneration

Chronic Facet Joint

Condition: - Occuring in older pt. w/degenerative changes - Occuring in younger pt. w/trauma - Inflammation due to viral or chemical

Cervical acute nerve root

Condition: Aggravating factors include - Extending - Bending - Sitting - Sit to stand - sustained posutre - sudden motion - end ROM

Degenerative Disc Disease

Condition: Subjective - Constantly moving positions - Pain decreased when new positions reached - Hx of catching/locking

Functional Instability

Condition: - Pain isolated to upper back or radiate in dermatomal pattern - Pain shooting around or through chest wall - Possible sensory deficits and neurological weakness - Agg: movement, deep breathing, cough/sneeze

Thoracic Disc Lesion

Condition: Compression fx to the vertebral body

Burst Fx

Condition: - First rib - Limited painful caudal glide

Superior subluxation

Condition: wedging of multiple vertebral bodies

Scheuermann's Disease

Condition: Those with Posterolateral Disc Herniation are at high risk

Cauda Equina

Condition: Transverse fx of the vertebral body right under the epiphysis, flexion and distraction fx

Chance Fx

Condition: Sx intermittent Limited active movements weak mm postural changes

Chronic stage of MVA/whiplash

Condition: - Difficulty with activities requiring posterior rotation - ASIS anterior and inferior - PSIS superior - Functionally long leg - Decreased hip flex and posterior rotation

Anteriorly Rotated Ilium

Condition: Subjective - Dermatomal pattern, not necessarily distal - "Patchy" distribution - Usually intermittent - Agg: sustained flexion or movement that narrow foramen - Can be nagging - able? to sleep at night

Cervical chronic nerve root

Condition: - 20-55 yo - LBP, back and leg pain - Associated muscle spasms +/-

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

Condition: Objective - Localized thickness in tissues - Stiff segmentally - May report pain with OP

CNR

Condition: - Entire ilium higher - ASIS/PSIS superior - May have decreased anterior/posterior rotation - Decreased hip ABD strength

Upslip

Condition: Pain as dominant complaint Apprehensive with AROM of neck Shld/arm movement tolerated Dizziness with active movement

Acute stage of MVA/whiplash

Condition: Localized irriation of costosternal joint/2nd rib

Costochondritis

Condition: Aggravating factors include: flexion, sitting, sit to stand, walking, sneezing, coughing

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

Condition: fx of anterior and posterior arch of C1

Jefferson fx

Condition: - Pain - Limited chest excursion - Limited spinal mobility - Bone scan +

Anklyosing Spondylitis

Condition: boring pain to mid T-spine after eating

Peptic Ulcer

Condition - Sensory distrubances in hand - Intrinsic mm wasting of hand - Unsteadiness during walking - Hyperreflexia

Myelopathy that has progressed to the point where surgery would be indicated

Condition: Increased thoracic kyphosis with compensatory cervical and lumbar lordosis

Scheuermann's Kyphosis

Condition: Symptoms - Unilateral pain, sharp over facet - Increased pain with stretch/compression of joint - Limitation in SB and extension

Acute Facet Joint

Condition: Ojective - Increased lumbar lordosis - End ROM may provoke symptoms - Hesitation in flexion at 30-40 degrees - Hinging with extension - Gowers +

Functional Instability

Condition: Small herniation of disc material into the endplate of vertebral bodies

Schmoral's nodes

Condition: Objective - Poor pelvic and abdominal control - Central PA painful with altered end feel - Leg load test +

Functional Instability

Condition: Pain with referred pain along the joint line and ipsilateral hip/trochanter, can also refer along posterior thigh to knee, and can resemble lumbar disc pathology

Sacroiliitis

Condition: Subjective - Cloward sign - Diffuse uni/bilateral sx - Agg: sustained flex, quick motion, end ROM - Long hx of neck pain or MVA

Spondylosis

Condition: Irritation/Inflammation, compression, or tension to the nerve root

Acute Nerve Root (ANR)

Condition: - Occurs more commonly in the T-Spine - 20s-30s - Pt. unloads spine before getting up

Intra-Spongy Herniation

Condition: MOI can include trauma, pregnancy, chronic L/S or hip problems, pelvic floor dysfunction

SI Joint dysfunction

Condition: History includes repeated micro trauma to annular fibers, trauma to disc, or bone spur formation

Degenerative Disc Disease

Condition: Fx of C2 pedicles with disolcation of C2 on C3 Dens migrates into brainstem

Hangman's Fx

Condition: rupture of transverse lig.; may result in cord compression

AA dislocation

Condition: - Stiffness - Headache - Neck pain - UE pain - B "stocking glove" paresthesias

T4 Syndrome

Condition: - Reduced costal mobility (rotation) - Agg: twist or reach - Pain: breathing, trunk rot, unilateral PA over C/T junction - Pain and stiffness w/rib mobility

Costal Joint Derangement

Condition: - Hx of cancer - 50+ yo - Failure of conservative tx - Unexplained wt loss

Cancer

Condition: Chronic irritation of nerve root/adhesion

Chornic Nerve Root (CNR)

Condition: Objective - ROM limited in the acute phase - Pain with flex/ext, OP, sustained posture

Degenerative Disc Disease

Condition: - Middle age + - Stiffness at multiple levels - Loss of elastic end feel - Limited arm elevation - Stiff/painful accessory glides - Mm imbalance

Generalized upper/mid thoracic stiffness

Condition: - MOI: Chronic neck pain, poor posture, tight scalenes - May cause thoracic outlet syndrome - Limited end range cervical rotation and shld flex

Elevated 1st Rib

Condition - Ache in neck, shld, arm, or hand - N/T on inside of forearm and 4th and 5th fingers esp w/shld flex - Weak/clumsy hands - Sweeling/redness in arms/hands - Difficulty w/OH activities

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Condition: Typically in teens due to trauma

Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

Condition: - Unable to close mouth or "open lock" - Rare but can occur after prolonged dental procedures - Lateral pterygoid becomes overstretched

Posterior disc displacement

Conditions Flashcards

(135 cards)