Connective Tissue

Question 1

What are the three types of fibres found in connective tissue?

Answer 1

Reticular

Collagen

Elastin

Question 2

What are the three types of connective tissue?

Answer 2

Loose

Dense Regular

Dense Irregular

Question 3

What fibre types are found in loose connective tissue?

Answer 3

Reticular

Collagen

Elastin

Question 4

What fibre types are found in dense regular connective tissue?

Answer 4

Collagen

Elastin

Question 5

What fibre types are found in dense irregular connective tissue?

Answer 5

Collagen

Elastin

Question 6

What cells are present in loose connective tissue?

Answer 6

Fibroblasts

Macrophages

Mast cells

WBCs

Question 7

What cells are present in dense regular connective tissue?

Answer 7

Fibroblasts

Question 8

What cells are present in dense irregular connective tissue?

Answer 8

Fibroblasts

Question 9

List 4 functions of loose connective tissue.

Answer 9

• Wraps and cushions organs.
• Macrophages phagocytise bacteria.
• Inflammatory role
• Holds and conveys tissue fluid.

Question 10

List the functions of dense regular connective tissue.

Answer 10

• Attaches muscles to muscles.
• Attaches bones to bones.
• Attaches muscles to bones.
• Withstands force in one direction.

Question 11

List the functions of dense irregular connective tissue.

Answer 11

• Provides structural strength.

* Withstands force in many directions.

Question 12

Where is loose connective found?

Answer 12

• Packages organs.
• Surrounds capillaries.
• Forms lamina propria of mucous membranes (mucosa).

Question 13

Where is dense regular connective tissue found?

Answer 13

• Tendons
• Ligaments
• Aponeuroses (flat tendons)

Question 14

Where is dense irregular connective tissue found?

Answer 14

• Dermis of skin
• Submucosa of digestive tract
• Capsules of organs and joints

Question 15

What is areolar tissue?

Answer 15

• A type of loose connective tissue
• Hold organs in place
• Attach epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues.
• Holds water and salts

Question 16

What is the lamina propria?

Answer 16

A thin layer of loose areolar connective tissue beneath the basement membrane.

Question 17

What is mucosa?

Answer 17

The epithelia, basement membrane and lamina propria collectively.

Question 18

What type of cells contain cigar shaped nuclei?

Answer 18

Fibroblasts

Question 19

What is the function of fibroblasts?

Answer 19

• Synthesise ground substance (extracellular matrix)

* Synthesise collagen, elastin, fibronectin, reticular fibres.

Question 20

What are enterocytes?

Answer 20

• Simple columnar epithelial absorptive cells found in the small intestine.
• Contain digestive enzymes.
• Have microvili on the surface.

Question 21

What are reticular fibres?

Answer 21

• Composed of Type III collagen.
• Secreted by reticular cells.
• Crosslink to form a meshwork.
• Supports soft tissues.

Question 22

How is unilocular/white fat different from multilocular/brown fat?

Answer 22

• White / unilocular adipose tissue stores energy as fats.

* Brown / multilocular adipose tissue generates heat.

Question 23

Why is multilocular adipose tissue brown?

Answer 23

Due to the large number of mitochondria.

Question 24

What is the function of the ground substance?

Answer 24

• Provides viscosity and plasticity to the tissues.
• Provides a medium for intercellular exchange.
• Lubricates collagen fibres.

Question 25

What is the function of fibronectin?

Answer 25

Anchors cells to collagen.

Question 26

How does the appearance of elastin change when stretched?

Answer 26

Coiled when unstretched, uncoiled when stretched. Spontaneously recoils when force is removed.

Question 27

What is a risk associated with the vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Answer 27

•Increased risk of organ rupture / tearing: - Intestines - Womb during pregnancy

Question 28

List some risks associated with the kyphoscoliosis type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Answer 28

* Curvature of the spine that can interfere with breathing. | * Severe hypotonia can lead to motor developmental delays. E.g. inability to walk.

Question 29

Name 4 types of EDS.

Answer 29

Classic Hypermobility Vascular Kyphoscoliosis