GOSH > Contraceptives > Flashcards

Contraceptives Flashcards

(54 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Nexaplanon (implant) can cause irregular vaginal bleeding. What can be used to help manage this?

A

Trial COCP for 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the primary function of combined oral pills?

A

High levels of oestrogen and progesterone provide negative feedback.
Inhibits FSH and LH release preventing ovulation
Also thickens cervical mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the side effects of combined oral pills?

A
  • Lighter periods (sometimes)
  • Increased VTE risk
  • Cardiovascular risk
  • Increased breast and cervical cancer risk
  • Decreased endometrial and ovarian cancer risk
  • User dependent (not effective is vomit/diarrhoes/12hr window for dose)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do monophasic combined oral pills work?

A

21 active pills followed by 7 pill-free days for breakthrough bleeding

Continuous use is also an option for no bleeding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the failure rate of combined oral pills with perfect use?

A

0.3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the failure rate of combined oral pills with average use?

A

9%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How long does it take for fertility to return after stopping combined oral pills?

A

1 week to 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is another name for the progesterone-only pill?

A

‘Mini pill’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the primary mechanism of the progesterone-only pill?

A

Prevents build-up of the endometrium lining (prevents implantation) and thickens cervical mucus (prevents fertilisation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some side effects of the progesterone-only pill?

A
  • Acne
  • Hair growth
  • Breast cancer risk
  • Ovarian cyst risk
  • Amenorrhoea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the time frame for taking the progesterone-only pill?

A

Every day within a 3-hour window

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the failure rate of the progesterone-only pill with perfect use?

A

0.3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the failure rate of the progesterone-only pill with average use?

A

9%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Can the progesterone-only pill be used in breastfeeding women?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the progesterone-only implant?

A

Prevents build-up of the endometrium lining and thickens cervical mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some side effects of the progesterone-only implant?

A
  • Changes in menstrual bleeding
  • Increased breast cancer risk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are contraindications for the progesterone-only implant?

A
  • Breast cancer
  • Liver cirrhosis/tumours
  • Unexplained vaginal bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How long is Nexplanon licensed for?

A

3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the failure rate of the progesterone-only implant?

A

0.05%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the primary function of the progesterone injection?

A

Inhibits ovulation and thickens cervical mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the brand name for the progesterone injection?

A

Depo Provera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How often is the progesterone injection administered?

Study These Flashcards
A

Every 12 weeks

23
Q

What are some side effects of the progesterone injection?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Change in bleeding
  • Weight gain
  • Reduction in bone mineral density
  • near future plans of pregnancy - can take a year for fertility to return
24
Q

What are contraindications for the progesterone injection?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Breast cancer
  • Pregnancy
  • CVD or high risk
25
What is the failure rate of the progesterone injection with perfect use?
0.2%
26
What is the failure rate of the progesterone injection with typical use?
6%
27
What is the Mirena coil?
Intrauterine system containing progesterone only (levonorgestrel)
28
What are the functions of the Mirena coil?
* Thickens cervical mucus * Thins endometrium
29
What are some potential outcomes of using the Mirena coil?
* Lighter periods * Irregular periods or amenorrhoea (20%)
30
What are the risks associated with the Mirena coil?
* Small risk of perforation * Infection
31
What are contraindications for the Mirena coil?
* Active infection in uterus/GU * Misshapen uterus
32
How long does the Mirena coil last?
3-8 years depending on the device
33
What is the failure rate of the Mirena coil?
0.2-0.3% When pregnancies do occur they are more likely to be ectopic
34
What is the primary function of the copper coil?
Spermicide and indirect inflammatory response due to metal that prevents implantation
35
What are some side effects of the copper coil?
* Heavy periods * Infection and perforation risk when inserting
36
How long does the copper coil last?
5-10 years depending on the brand
37
What is the failure rate of the copper coil?
<1% These pregnancies are more likely to be ectopic
38
What are the risks associated with pregnancies from the copper coil?
More likely to be ectopic
39
What is the function of condoms?
Barrier method that reduces STIs and fertilisation
40
What are the typical failure rates for male and female condoms?
* Male: 16% typical * Female: 21% typical
41
What is the diaphragm and its function?
Barrier method that can be coated in spermicide and reduces STIs
42
What is the typical failure rate for diaphragms?
12% typical
43
How does the COC patch work?
Applied weekly with a 12-hour window if it falls off
44
How does the vaginal ring work?
Used every 3 weeks Oestrogen and progesterone
45
What is Levonorgestrel (Levonelle)?
Emergency contraceptive that stops implantation and ovulation
46
What is the effectiveness of Levonorgestrel when taken after intercourse?
84% effective if taken within 3 days
47
What are the contraindications for combined oral contraceptives (COCs)?
* Family/personal history of VTE * Migraine with aura * History of breast cancer/liver tumours * Hypertension, BMI > 35, diabetes with complications * Age > 35 years and smoking * Breastfeeding within 6 months postpartum
48
What are the contraindications for the progesterone-only pill (POP)?
* Active/history of breast cancer or liver tumours/cirrhosis * Weight over 75kg (not as effective) * High CVD risk
49
What are the contraindications for the Mirena coil?
* Suspected pregnancy * Active pelvic or GU infection * Breast cancer * Unexplained vaginal bleeding
50
How does the phasic combined oral contraceptive pill work?
Each pill contains different levels of hormones, must be taken in a specific order.
51
What contraceptives can be taken whilst breastfeeding?
Progesterone injection POP pill/implant
52
What are the three methods of emergency contraceptives?
Copper coil Levonelle EllaOne
53
How does Ulipristal acetate (ellaOne) work?
Emergency contraceptive - must be taken within 120hrs of sex Progesterone receptor modulator -> inhibit ovulation Can repeat in same menstrual cycle
54
How does emergency contraceptives effect long term contraceptive use?
EllaOne can decrease hormone contraceptive effectiveness - recommend condoms for atleast 5 days afterwards Levonelle - no effect, can start hormonal straight away afterwards.
GOSH
flashcards
Decks in class (41)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions