Control Systems

Question 1

what does a general model for regulation contain?

Answer 1

• variables
• effectors
• outputs
• set points
• controllers
• commands

Question 2

five types of control systems

Answer 2

• ballistic control system
• negative feedback
• feed-forward control
• hormones
• neuronal feedback control

Question 3

ballistic control

Answer 3

the body can predict what commands execute the correct result based off of an internal model developed by learning (more exposure to variables improves model)

Question 4

negative feedback

Answer 4

effector responds to an error signal from a change in variable outside of the set point

Question 5

feed-forward control

Answer 5

disturbances to variables are detected and control signals are altered before an error occurs

Question 6

hormones

Answer 6

chemicals secreted into the blood for long-range signaling

Question 7

benefit of hormonal control systems

Answer 7

concentration can be controlled and detected

Question 8

neuronal feedback control

Answer 8

similar to hormonal control but faster and more targeted

Question 9

three problems of negative feedback

Answer 9

• system only activated when variables change
• slow as they activate once a disturbance has already occured
• unstable and oscillate

Question 10

three types of hormones

Answer 10

• steroid
• peptide
• amine derivatives