Copper: normal values, pathological variations, roles.

Question 1

Copper normal values

Answer 1

•Copper = 10-22 micromoles IL

•Ceruloplasmin: 200-600 mg/DL (Milligrams per deciliter)

Question 2

Copper roles

Answer 2

• synthesis of Collagen and Elastin
• trace elements
• synthesis of neurotransmitters

Question 3

Copper pathological variations

Answer 3

1. Hypo-cupremia: Common in newborn
2. Hyper-cupremia: Menkes syndrome (growth deficit) / Wilson syndrome (copper deposit, renal
   dysfunction)