define correlation
the relationship between two variables
positive correlation
two variables change in the same direction
negative correlation
two variables tend to change in the opposite direction
null hypothesis
no correlation in population from which sample comes
non-experimental studies
allow us to measure naturally exisitng variables
ethical and practical
test-retest reliability
stability over time or external reliability
concurrent validity
assess vailidty of new questionnaire or test by comparing scores with those produced by existing measure