What is teaching? What are the steps of the teaching process?
Teaching is to instruct or train.
The teaching process consists of 4 steps:
PPAA
- Preparation
- Presentation
- Application
- Assessment
What are essential teaching skills?
PAMS
- People skills
Relating to people through effective communication skills. - Assessment skills
Measuring and assessing change throughout a student’s learning process. - Management skills
The ability to plan, organize, lead, and supervise. - Subject matter expertise
A person who possesses a high level of knowledge or skill in a particular area.
What is course of training? How should one be oriented?
Also called a TCO (training course outline), it is a complete series of studies leading to the attainment of a specific goal.
A course of training should be oriented so that foundational blocks of learning are learned first and built off of.
What is a training syllabus?
A document that arranges lesson plans (blocks of learning) in an optimal order.
What are lesson plans? What are the essential elements of a lesson plan?
Organized expressions of individual blocks of learning.
Essential Elements
OESEISC
- Objective
- Elements
- Schedule
- Equipment
- Instructor actions
- Student actions
- Completion standards
Explain how to properly prepare a lesson
To properly prepare for a lesson, you must establish training objective and completion standards.
(Where to start and where to end)
- Training objective
Specific skills you want the student to learn
- Performance based objectives
Measurable standards for learner performance - Decision based objectives
Opportunities to develop pilot judgment and ADM skills
- Completion Standards (ACS)
Standards required for issuance of a certificate or rating
What is the proper organization of material?
IDC
- Introduction: set the stage
AMO
Attention: focus learner attention through a question, story, video, etc.
Motivation: establishes importance for the material
Overview: list of key ideas to be covered - Development: developing the subject matter to achieve desired completion standards
- Conclusion: retracing important elements
What are the various training delivery methods?
LEGCCDD
- Lecture Method: convenient way to deliver a general understanding of a topic to a large group
IBFIT
1. Illustrated talk: lecture relying on a strong use of visual aids
2. Briefing: short lecture
3. Formal: little to no listener participation
4. Informal: active listener participation in a friendly, relaxed atmosphere
5. Teaching lecture: allows SOME listener participation - E-Learning: learning via electronic technology
- Guided Discussion: employs instructor guided conversation between them self and the listeners
PICSDP
1. has a specific Purpose
2. contains a single Idea
3. is Clear & meaningful
4. Stimulates thought
5. requires a Definite answer
6. relates to Previous information - Computer assisted learning: think Sporty’s
- Cooperative/Group Learning: small groups working together (CFI study hall)
- Demonstration/Performance
EDSIE
1. Explain
2. Demonstrated by instructor
3. Student performs
4. Instructor supervises
5. Evaluate - Drill & Practice: repetitive performance of a skill
How should lecture based training delivery methods be prepared?
OROS
- establish the Objective
- Research the subject
- Organize the material
- Support the idea/learning environment
What are effective question types to be used during a guided discussion?
LFDRRR
- Lead off question: Questions which start a discussion
- Follow up questions: Questions which continue a discussion
- Rhetorical questions: Not directed at anyone in particular
- Direct questions: Directed at a specific individual
- Reverse questions: Redirect question back to the student, promote more thinking
- Relay questions: Redirect one student question to be answered by different student
What are instructional aids? What are characteristics of effective instructional aids? What are the guidelines for use?
Instructional aids are physical or visual tools that support what is being taught.
Characteristics:
COFS
- Cover key points
- Organized
- Factual
- Simple / Straight forward
Guidelines:
OROS
- establish the Objective
- Research the subject
- Organize the material
- Support the idea/learning environment
What is integrated flight instruction?
Flight instruction in which learners are taught to perform flight maneuvers primarily by outside visual references and by cross reference to flight instruments.
What is problem based instruction? What are types of problem based instruction?
A learning environment where learners deal with real-world problems and are asked to find real-world solutions.
SCC
- Scenario based: a realistic situation that allows learners to mentally rehearse solutions
During a cross country, the instructor simulates deteriorating weather and asks the student what they would do. - Collaborative problem solving: a group working together to solve a problem
Students working together to plan a cross country. - Case study: analyzing a real world situation
Instructor presenting real world accident reports involving aircrafts colliding in flight to impress collision avoidance upon the student.
What are characteristics of a good scenario used in problem based instruction?
IROES
- Is not a test
- will not have one Right answer
- does not offer an Obvious answer
- should not promote Errors
- should promote Situational awareness
