Criminal & Deviant Behaviour

Question 1

What is deviance?

Answer 1

Behaviour that goes against social norms of a specific group, society or culture, usually resulting in a negative reaction from the public

Question 2

3 factors affecting deviance

Answer 2

• Norms
• Values
• Moral Codes

Question 3

3 examples of norms

Answer 3

1) Manners
2) Queuing correctly
3) Noise control in public

Question 4

3 examples of values

Answer 4

1) Loyalty to friends and family
2) Respect for human life
3) Children should be protected from dangerous adults

Question 5

3 examples of moral codes

Answer 5

1) Police Code of Ethics
2) NHS Code of Conduct
3) Student Charter

Question 6

Name the 3 different forms of deviance + an example for each

Answer 6

1) Good Behaviour (a whistleblower exposing wrongdoings)
2) Odd Behaviour (keeping a collection of unusual items)
3) Bad Behaviour (getting into a fight)

Question 7

Name and define the two different types of sanctions against deviant behaviour + an example for each

Answer 7

• Formal Sanctions - issued by authorities (fines)
• Informal sanctions - issued by general public’s response (grounding a child)

Question 8

Name 4 ways good deviant behaviour is sanctioned

Answer 8

• Medals
• Recognition
• Knighthoods
• Cash prizes

Question 9

What do Actus Reus and Mens Rea mean?

Answer 9

Actus Reus = Guilty Act
Mens Rea = Guilty Mind

Question 10

What is the legal definition of a crime?

Answer 10

An act punishable by the state if Mens Rea and Actus Reus can be proven present.

Question 11

What are the two different types of sanctions against criminal behaviour?

Answer 11

Court Sanctions
Non-court Sanctions

Question 12

Name 3 types of non-court sanctions

Answer 12

• Cautions
• Conditional Cautions
• Penalty Notices

Question 13

Name 4 types of court sanctions

Answer 13

• Custodial Sentences
• Community Sentences
• Fines
• Discharge

Question 14

Why is crime difficult to define?

Answer 14

Social and legal definitions are different and societies don’t define crime in the same way. The legal definition of Actus Reus and Mens Rea has exceptions and legal defenses.

Question 15

Why is deviance difficult to define?

Answer 15

Norms/values vary from culture to culture and overtime

Question 16

Name 2 crimes that are legal in one country but illegal in the other (and vice versa).

Answer 16

Adultery - Legal in the UK but illegal in Iran
Polygamy - Illegal in the UK but legal in the UAE

Question 17

What did the case of Ann Ming and Julie Hogg lead to?

Name the law that was introduced

Answer 17

The Criminal Justice Act of 2003 which abolished double jeopardy

Question 18

What did the cases of Derek Bentley and Timothy Evans eventually lead to?

Answer 18

Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act 1965

Question 19

6 Reasons why laws are different according to time, place and culture

Answer 19

1) Changes to Government
2) Societies attitudes
3) New research and scientific advancements
4) Fear
5) Religion/tradition
6) Miscarriages of Justice