Cryptography

Question 1

cryptography

Answer 1

• kryptos meaning hidden
• prefix “crypt” means hidden and suffix “graphy”

Question 2

cryptography

Answer 2

protecting data by hiding it from anyone who isnt suppoed to see, access, or change it

Question 3

broad umbrell aterm that encompasses both cryptography and cryptanalysis

Answer 3

cryptology

Question 4

cyrptananlysis

Answer 4

figuring out how to access data without having necessary cryptographic key

Question 5

applications of cryptography

Answer 5

secure communication, financial transactio, and protecting sensitive data

Question 6

• understanding of different types of cryptography such as symmetric, asymmetric
• basic concepts of encryption, decryption, hashing, and digital signatures

Answer 6

fundamentals of cryptography

Question 7

types of cryptography

Answer 7

1. symmetric
2. asymmetric

Question 8

symmetric

Answer 8

• uses single key for bothe encryption and decryption
• muts be shared by all communicationg parties

Question 9

asymmetric

Answer 9

• allows users to encrypt information using shared keys
• two keys’ encyrption and decryption

Question 10

cryptosystem

Answer 10

structure consisting of a set of algorithms that converts plaintext to ciphertext to encode or decode messages securely

Question 11

process by which a readable message is converted to unreadable form to prevent unauthorized parties from reading it

Answer 11

encryption

Question 12

process of converting an encrypted message back to its original form

Answer 12

decryption

Question 13

called as original message

Answer 13

plaintext

Question 14

3 concepts of cryptosystem

Answer 14

1. encyrption
2. decryption
3. plainytext

Question 15

private key

Answer 15

• is a symmetric key
• use a single key for both encryption and decryption
• must be shared to all parties which can be a challenge in some situatiions

Question 16

public key

Answer 16

asymmteric key that allows users to encrypt information using shred keys

Question 17

when should symmteric encryption be used

Answer 17

due to better perfomance and faster speed, it is typically used fro bulk encyrption of large amounts of data for database encryption

Question 18

how does symmetric encryption work

Answer 18

• message you want to encrypt plaintext)
• symmetric key algorithms
• shared key for you and your recipient that can encrypt and decrypt
• encrypted message no one can read

Question 19

method used by Caesar to secretly communicate with his generals

Answer 19

Caesar cipher

Question 20

is numbe of sequencer of steps that is used to convert plaintext information into ciphertext

Answer 20

cipher

Question 21

how does asymmetric encryption work

Answer 21

• allows users to encrypt information using shared keys
• if you want to send a message over the internet but also dont want anyone but the intentedd recipient to see what youve written

Question 22

is numbe of sequencer of steps that is used to convert plaintext information into ciphertext

Question 23

how does asymmetric cryptography works

Answer 23

• algorithm starts process
• mathematical function generates key pair

Question 24

asymmetric cryptography process

Answer 24

1. registration
2. lookup
3. encrypt
4. decode
5. reply

Question 25

registration

Answer 25

sender have connected with official entity that generated both public and private keys

Question 26

lookup

Answer 26

sender scours a public-key directory for recipient public key information

Question 27

encrypt

Answer 27

sender creates message, encrypts it with recipient public key and sends it

Question 28

decode

Answer 28

recipient uses private key to unscramble message

Question 29

reply

Answer 29

if recipient wants to respond, process moves in reverse order

Question 30

pros of asymmetric encryption

Answer 30

* security * transparency * appearance

Question 31

* one-way mathematical functions that takes an input of any length and produced a fixed-size output * used to ensure data integrity and to verify the authenticity of digital signatures

Answer 31

hashing

Question 32

advanced encryption standard (AES)

Answer 32

algorithm that uses same key to encrypy and decrypt protected data

Question 33

Rivest, Shamir, Adleman (RSA)

Answer 33

* based on public-key encryption technilogy * public key cryptosystem for reliable data transmission * pirmarily used for secure key exchange and digital signature

Question 34

Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5)

Answer 34

* widely used cryptography hash function that results in 128-bit hash value * **message digests** represented by 32 bit hexadecimal numbers

Question 35

Security Hash Algorith (SHA)

Answer 35

* used for hashin data and certificate lies * every piece of data produces a uniqe hash that is thoroughly non-deplicable by any other piece of data

Question 36

Cryptographic Algorithms

Answer 36

1. Advanced Encryption Security 2. Rivest, Shadir, Adleman 3. Message-Digest Algorithm 5 4. Secure Hash Algorithm

Question 37

digital signature

Answer 37

* electronic, encrypted, stamp of authentication on digital information such as email * confirms that the information origincated from signer and has not been altered * may also provide repudiation * looks like a digital footprint * secure documents, emails, files

Question 38

electronic signature

Answer 38

* confirms intent of signing a document * no identity validation * vulnerable to tampering and man-in-the-middle attacks * no encryption * looks like an electronic copy of handwritten signature * document verification

Question 39

how digital signatures work

Answer 39

* use cryptography to creat eunique digital fingerprints for document verification and secure online transaction * signer's identity is verified by trusted third party, Certificate Authority)

Question 40

secure cryptographic process allows digital signatures to assure

Answer 40

1. authentication of document 2. verification of signer's identity by trusted service provider 3. no tampering or forgery occurred after document was digitally signed

Question 41

signer is confirmed as the signer

Answer 41

authenticity

Question 42

the content has not been changed or tampered with since it was digitally signed

Answer 42

integrity

Question 43

proves all parties the origin of the signed content

Answer 43

non-repudiation

Question 44

* signatures in microsoft word are time stamped by secure time-stamp server under certain circumstances have the validity

Answer 44

notarization