cs midterm

Question 1

internet

Answer 1

a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices

Question 2

hot spot

Answer 2

a physical location where people can access the Internet

Question 3

open standards

Answer 3

a standard that is freely available for adoption, implementation and updates.

Question 4

www

Answer 4

a global information system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet

Question 5

Ip address static and dynamic

Answer 5

a global information system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet
static: permenant address
dynamic temporary address

Question 6

ipv6 vs ipv4

Answer 6

ipv6 has more bits in it and more dresses. Its 128 bits vs 32 bits

Question 7

tcp/ip

Answer 7

transmission control protocol
internet protocol
ip is more addressing and routing while tcp is more rules that go into transmission

Question 8

html/http

Answer 8

the specific web address used to locate a resource on the internet and (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the underlying rulebook or protocol that governs how your web browser communicates with a web server to fetch and display web pages and other resources

Question 9

url

Answer 9

the specific web address used to locate a resource on the internet

Question 10

browser

Answer 10

a software application that allows you to access and view content on the internet by retrieving web pages, images, and other multimedia from web servers

Question 11

search engine

Answer 11

a program that searches for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user

Question 12

imap

Answer 12

(Internet Message Access Protocol) an email protocol that allows you to access your emails from a mail server

Question 13

pop3

Answer 13

(Post Office Protocol version 3) is a standard Internet protocol that an email client uses to download emails from a remote mail server to a local device

Question 14

dns

Answer 14

(Domain Name System) is the internet’s “phone book,” translating human-readable domain names, like google.com, into machine-readable IP addresses

Question 15

smtp

Answer 15

(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is an application layer protocol that serves as the backbone for sending emails across the internet, acting as the standard set of rules for email transmission between servers

Question 16

isp

Answer 16

(Internet Service Provider) is a company that provides individuals and organizations with access to the internet

Question 17

encryption

Answer 17

the process of converting information or data into a code, especially to prevent unauthorized access

Question 18

cipher

Answer 18

a secret method or mathematical algorithm for encrypting data, transforming readable information (plaintext) into an unreadable format called ciphertext using a secret key

Question 19

digital signature

Answer 19

a signture u sign online that’s encrypted.

Question 20

network interface card

Answer 20

a piece of hardware that enables a computer to connect to a network

Question 21

switching techniques

Answer 21

The main switching techniques in computer networks are circuit switching, message switching, and packet switching

Question 22

asynchronous transmission

Answer 22

a method of serial data communication where each character is transmitted as a self-contained unit by adding start and stop bits to the data,

Question 23

synchronous transmission

Answer 23

a method of high-speed data transfer where the sender and receiver share a common clock, ensuring they are in perfect step to transmit data in a continuous, uninterrupted stream of blocks or frames, rather than individual bytes.

Question 24

bps

Answer 24

bits per second

Question 25

ethernet

Answer 25

a family of wired communication standards and technology for local area networks (LANs), connecting devices like computers, routers, and switches using cables, most commonly twisted-pair or fiber optic, to transmit data at high speeds.

Question 26

Bluetooth

Answer 26

is a wireless technology that enables devices to exchange data over short distances using radio waves

Question 27

broadband

Answer 27

a high-capacity transmission technique using a wide range of frequencies, which enables a large number of messages to be communicated simultaneously.

Question 28

dsl cable

Answer 28

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) technology that uses existing copper telephone lines to provide internet service

Question 29

octal

Answer 29

a base-8 numeral system that uses eight digits (0-7) to represent numbers

Question 30

ascii

Answer 30

the American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard that assigns numerical values to letters, numbers, and punctuation marks to represent text in computers and during data transmission.

Question 31

unicode

Answer 31

a universal character encoding standard that assigns a unique numerical value, or code point, to every character, symbol, and emoji from virtually all languages and writing systems in the world

Question 32

data

Answer 32

raw, unprocessed facts and figures such as numbers, words, or observations that can be interpreted, processed, and stored electronically

Question 33

metadata

Answer 33

data that describes other data

Question 34

steganography

Answer 34

the art and practice of concealing secret data within an ordinary-looking file—like an image, audio, or video—to prevent detection by security tools and unauthorized users

Question 35

abstraction

Answer 35

is the concept of hiding complex implementation details and showing only the essential features of a system or data to a user

Question 36

bit/byte

Answer 36

a bit is the smallest unit of digital information, representing a single binary digit that can have one of two possible values: 0 or 1

Question 37

bios

Answer 37

the firmware on a computer's motherboard that initializes hardware and loads the operating system when the computer starts.

Question 38

volatile

Answer 38

memory that requires a continuous power supply to retain its data and loses its contents when the power is turned off.

Question 39

nonvolatile

Answer 39

a type of computer storage that retains data even when power is removed

Question 40

random access

Answer 40

your computer's short-term, volatile memory for actively used data and programs, allowing the CPU to quickly access and process information to boost performance and efficiency.

Question 41

peripherals

Answer 41

are external hardware components, like a mouse, keyboard, or printer, that connect to a computer to provide input, output, or storage functions, thereby enhancing its overall capabilities without being essential to its core processing operations

Question 42

device drivers

Answer 42

is a specialized software program that acts as a translator, allowing a computer's operating system (OS) to communicate and control hardware devices like printers, keyboards, or graphics cards.

Question 43

operating system

Answer 43

is essential software that manages a computer's hardware and software resources, acting as an interface between the user and the computer's core functions

Question 44

DDoS

Answer 44

a cyberattack that aims to disrupt or take down a target server, service, or network by overwhelming it with a flood of internet traffic from multiple compromised devices, typically a botnet