CTG changes

Question 1

Base line bradycardia <100 bpm

Answer 1

Increased foetal vagal tone and maternal beta blocker use

Question 2

Baseline tachycardia >160 bpm

Answer 2

Maternal pyrexia/infection , hypoxia, prematurity

Question 3

Loss of baseline variability <5 bpm

Answer 3

Prematurity/ hypoxia

Question 4

Early deceleration

Answer 4

Head compression (such as in labour)

Question 5

Late deceleration

Answer 5

Indicates fetal distress (asphyxia or placental insufficiency)

Question 6

Variable decelerations

Answer 6

Indicates cord compression

Question 7

Non reassuring features

Answer 7

Brady or tachycardia, variable decels

Question 8

Abnormal features

Answer 8

<100 or >180 bpm, sinusoidal wave oattern, late decels or variable in over 50% of contractions