CXR

Question 1

What might tracheal deviation on CXR indicate?

Answer 1

rotation, pneumothorax, collapse, large effusion

Question 2

What are the signs of heart failure on CXR?

Answer 2

Alveolar shadowing (Bats wing sign)
Kerley B lines (interstitial oedema)
Cardiomegaly
Dilated upper lobe vessels
Effusion

Question 3

What causes pleural effusion?

Answer 3

heart failure
infection
malignancy
PE

Question 4

What are the signs of COPD on CXR?

Answer 4

hyperinflation
flat hemi-diaphragms
decreased lung markings
bulla - more gas - increased lucency
prominent hila

Question 5

How does infection appear on CXR?

Answer 5

non-uniform soft tissue density (consolidation)
air bronchogram (air-filled bronchi (dark) being made visible by the pacification of surrounding alveoli)

Question 6

What are the signs of lobar collapse on CXR?

Answer 6

uniform soft tissue density
affected hemithorax is smaller (volume loss)
other structures move into empty space

Question 7

What is the difference between a pulmonary nodule and a pulmonary mass?

Answer 7

mass is opacification that measures more than 30 mm and nodule is less than 30 mm