D21 Tissues

Question 1

What is a tissue

Answer 1

A group of cells working together with a common structure and function

Question 2

What are 3 types of mamalian tissue

Answer 2

1. Epithelial
2. Muscular
3. Connective

Question 3

What are the three types of epithelial tissue?

Answer 3

1. Cuboidal
2. Columnar
3. Squamous

Question 4

What is the structure of cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 4

• Cube like cells
• Which have a nucleus
• and sit on a basement membrane made of collagen and protein
• They have no blood vessels but may have nerve endings
• Their shape varies depending upon the need

Question 5

What is the function of cuboidal epithelium

Answer 5

• Cuboidal epithelium typically has a protective or secretory function

Question 6

What is the location of cuboidal epithelium

Answer 6

Can be found in the proximal convulted tubule of the kidney or the ducts of salivary glands

Question 7

What is the structure of columnar epthelium

Answer 7

Columnar epithelium have elongated cells with cilli

Which have a nucleus at the bottom of the cell

Where it sits on a collagen and protein basement membrane

Question 8

What is the function of coumnar epithelial cells?

Answer 8

Primarily secretory in function however if cilli present it can also waft mucous up the trachea for example.

Question 9

What is the location of columnar epithelium

Answer 9

• Non ciliated columnar epithelium lines the digestive tract
• Ciliated columnar epithelium lines the trachea

Question 10

What is the structure of squamous epithelium

Answer 10

• A single layer of flattened, cells on a basement membrane (Simple squamous epithelium)
• Or multiple layers of flattened cells on a basement membrane (Stratified squamous epithelium)

Question 11

What is the location of squamous epithelium

Answer 11

• Simple squamous epithelium lines the bowmans capsule and alveoli
• Stratified squamous epithelium lines the nasal cavity (Where the body is potentially exposed to more agressive external environmental factors.)

Question 12

What is the function of squamous epithelium

Answer 12

• Osmosis, diffusion
• Protection

Question 13

What is the 3 types of muscle tissue

Answer 13

• Skeletal
• Smooth
• Cardiac

Question 14

What is the structure of skeletal muscle

Answer 14

• Skeletal muscle is attached to bones
• It is long cells, or fibres, which can contract powerfully
• They are typically striped so are called striped or striated muscle
• You can choose whether to contract these muscles or not and therefore they are called voluntary muscles

Question 15

What is the function of skeletal muscle

Answer 15

Movement

Question 16

What is the location of skeletal muscle

Answer 16

Throughout the body e.g. Legs and Arms

Question 17

What is the structure of smooth muscle

Answer 17

• Spindle shaped cells which can contract rythmically, but less powerfully than skeletal muscle
• Involuntary as you cannot control
• No stripes so Unstriated

Question 18

What is the location of smooth muscle

Answer 18

• Walls of blood vessels
• In the digestive tract
• In the respiratory tract

Question 19

What is the function of smooth muscle

Answer 19

• It pushes food through the digestive tract

Question 20

What is the structure of cardiac muscle

Answer 20

• In some ways a hybrid of skeletal and smooth muscle
• The muscle has stripes but lack the long fibres of skeletal muscle

Question 21

What is the function of cardiac muscle

Answer 21

• To pump blood around the body under the control of the autonomic nervous system

Question 22

What is the structure of connective tissue

Answer 22

• Elastic collagen fibres in an extracellular fluid or matrix
• Between these fibres are fat storing cells (adipocytes) and cells of the immune system

Question 23

What is the function of connective tissue

Answer 23

• Connects, seperates and supports tissues and organs throughout the body

Question 24

What is the location of connective tissue

Answer 24

• Can be found throughout the body.