What are test result signs of AKIs that are…
- Pre-renal
- Intrisnic
- Post-renal
.
- Urea > creatinine
- Creatintie > Urea, bladder non-palpable
- Creatinine > Urea, bladder palpable
Morphine shite
How would you go about a question asking to change the type of analgeisa a pt is getting when they’re on both MR and PRN morphine
- Add up the total dose of MR they’re getting
- Add up how much PRN they take in a day
- Combine MR and PRN dosese
- Go to “palliative prescribing” on BNF
- Find the conversion table
- Bob’s your uncle
what do you do if ALT is only slightly raised when on statins
No changes
It’s just a wee raise
what do you do if TSH is high/low when on levothyroxine?
Increase/decrease dose by 25mcg
When to mearure drug concs
- lithium
- gent
- vanc
4.
1 & 4. 6hrs post dose
- between 6-14hrs post dose
- trough levela fter 3-4 doses
Lithium shite
- what drugs can increase blood conc of lithum
- what do you do if blood conc is too high
- ACEi & NSAIDs
- decrease dose by 1/3rd
If BG leveles are high in the evening, what should you do to the insulin dose
Increase long-acting dose in the evening
So they’ll now be sound in the evening, and it’ll last them overnight
what levels of TSH mean you have to…
- increase dose of levo
- keep dose the same
- decrease dose of levo
- <0.5
- 0.5 -> 5
- >5
REMEBER ONLY CHANGE DOSE BY 25 FUCKING MICROGRAMS
what anti-epileptic can cause a low Na
Carbamazapine
What LFT results are signs of…
- Pre-hepatic jaundice
- hepatic jaundice
- post-hepatic jaundice
1. Just high bilirubin
2. high AST/ALT & bilirubin
3. high ALP & bilirubin
hepatic -> AST & ALT
post-hepatic -> ALP
ALP is Last and Lonley
ALP= Post renal
what types of diuretics cause hyper and hypokalemia
Hyper -> K-sparring
Spirnolactone
Hypo -> loop & thiazide
Loop -> furosemide
thiazide -> thiazdie lol
what are the endo causes of high & low K+
High -> addisons
Low -> cushings & conns
What are the causes of increased & decreased…
Neutrophils
Increased
Bacterial infections
Steroids
Decreased
Viral infections
Agranulocytosis -> cloazapine & carbimazole
What are the causes of increased & decreased…
Lymphocytes
Incresaed
Viral infections
CLL
Decreased
No clue mate
What are the causes of increased & decreased…
Platelets
Increased
Fe deficiency
heamolysis
inflammation
ibd
decreased
Viral infections
Heparin
Penicallamine (RA drug)
DIC & ITP
What can viral infections do to…
- neutrophils
- lymphocytes
- platletes
1 & 3 decreased
- increased
What are the causes of increased & decreased…
Salt (Na)
Increased -> Ds
Dehydration
Drugs
Diabetes inspidus
Drips (too much IV fluids)
Decreased
Hypovolemia
SIADH
Hypothyroid
Heart & renal failure
what are the causes of increased urea
Dehydration
AKI
GI bleed
What are the causes of increased & decreased…
Potassium (K+)
Increased -> DREAD
Diuretics (K-sparring)
Renal failure
Endo (addisons)
ACEi
DKA
Decreased -> DIRE
Diuretics (loop & thiazide)
Inadequate fluid
Renal tubular acidosis
Endo (conns & cushings)
if a pts T4 is sky high and TSH very low, what is probs going on
What shoudl you do with amiodarone
Thyroxicosiss
Stop it
what part of the BNF do you find about INR, bleeding and what to do about all this shit
ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS
How do you work out what to do with like gent doses
check out if the peak or trough levels or too high
If peak too high -> decrease dose
If trough too high -> increase interval time
