Input validation
Checking something to make sure it’s correct and reasonable. - No errors when data it’s added to a database. - Database is more robust (able to cope with errors)
Data type
Ensures specific data type e.g. Integer
Range check
Input is in acceptable range. e.g. Age - between 0 and 122
Null check
Makes sure a database field isn’t left blank
Length check
Makes sure input is above/below a length limit. e.g. Minimum length of passwords