Decision tree
A flowchart of decisions when deciding how to classify data points
Ensemble learning
The use of multiple models on the same data set
Bootstrap aggregating (bagging)
The random allocation of training data to multiple variants of the same model, then the concatenation of the final results
Boosting
Subsequent models pay more attention to faulty parts of the model by boosting attributes that caused flaws in the previous models
Bucket of models
Running multiple different models to determine and use the best one only
Stacking
Running multiple different models and concatenating their results