What is Turbidity?
-Is the measurement of light scattering property of water
What are the units of Turbidity?
- (TU)
- (NTU)
What are the effects of high temperature waste water?
- Chemical reaction
- Reaction rates
- aquatic life
- Depletion of DO
- ->Increase i biochemical reactions
- ->Oxygen is less soluble in warm water
- Beneficial uses
What is electrical conductivity and in a solution?
- The ability to conduct an electrical current
- EC is transported by ions in a solution
How is EC used for wastewater treatment?
-EC can be used to test the total dissolved solids
What is specific gravity?
-Density per unit Density of the standard
What is specific weight?
-Weight per unit Volume
What is pH?
-log[H+]
What is pOH?
14-pH
What is a buffer solution?
-A solution that resists a large amount of pH change when acids or bases are added
What is Alkalinity?
-The measure of the capacity of water to neutralize acids
What is Alkalinity measured in?
-mg/L of Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
What are sources of Nitrogen?
- compounds of plants and animals
- sewage
- run offf
What do the element Nitrogen and Phosphate provide for the environment?
-Growth of microorganisms
What is BOD?
- Biochemical Oxygen Demand
- A chemical procedure for determining how fast biological organism use oxygen in a body of water.
- It is the measure of the amount of organic compounds in water
- Measure of the dissolved oxygen (DO) used by mirco- organisms
What is COD?
- Chemical Oxygen Demand
- independent of the chemical composition in water
- A chemical oxidizing agent is used to oxidize the organics
What is pH?
(-) log10 [H+]
What is Dissolved Oxygen?
- O2 that diffuses into water by high pressure pushing O2 into water.
- measures the O2 that dissolved in water.
Why is Dissolved Oxygen important in wastewater?
-It prevents harmful odors.
What month typically will see the lowest levels of DO and Why?
- Summer months
- The increased temperature increases the rate of biochemical reactions in water which cause DO to lower.
What is Oxidize?
-To combine chemically with O2
What is Theoretical oxygen demand (ThoD)?
-The calculated amount of O2 required to oxidize a compound to its final oxidation products
How is COD measured?
-The difference between the amount of oxidizing agents at the start of the test and that remaining at the end is the COD
What are the typical procedures for measuring BOD in a LAB?
- measurements are done in a 300mL bottle
- bottles contain water to dilute wastewater
- inject with micro-organism
