PID
It is a disease of upper genital tract
It is a spectrum of infection, inflammation of upper genital tract organs involving - endometrium ,ft, ovaries, pelvic peritoneum , surrounded structures
Moi - ascending spread
Cervicitis not included
Fibroid fibromyoma leiomyoma myoma definition
It is the commonest begin tumour of uterus and solid tumour in females
Histology: tumour composed of smooth muscle & fibrous CT
Mostly seen in nulliparous women highest in b/w 35-45 years
Cryptomenorrhoea
Condition where periodic shedding of endometrium and bleeding but menstrual blood fails to come out of genital tract due to obstruction of passage
Menopause
Permanent cessation of menstruation at the end of reproductive life due to loss of ovarian follicular activity
Clinical diagnosis confirm that
Stoppage of menstruation for 12 consecutive months without any other pathology
Climacteric
Phase of aging process during which women passes from reproductive to non reproductive stage
It covers 5-10 yrs on either side of menopause
Puberty
In girls it is the period which links childhood to adulthood,it is the period of gradual development of 2°sexual characters.
There is biological, morphological, psychological changes lead to full sexual maturity & eventually fertility
Menstruation 🩸
Visible manifestation of
Cyclic physiologic uterine bleeding
Due to shedding of endometrium
Retroversion or retrodispalcement
Lower long axis of body & cervix are in line
Whole organ turns to backward in relation to long axis of birth canal
Retroflexion- bending backward of body on cervix at level of internal os
Metrorrhagia
Irregular acyclic bleeding from Ux. Amount of bleed variable, bleeding from any part of genital tract included under this heading
Irregular bleed inform of contact bleeding or intermenstrual bleed
Acyclic - DUB , submucous fibroid uterine polyp, cervical carcinoma.
Contact bleed- cc ,infe,mucous poly
Intermenstrual -IUCD urethral carun
Oligomenorrhea
Menstrual bleed occuring more than 35days & remain in constant frequency is oligomenorrhea
Càuse- during adolescen, bef meno
Obesity ,stress exercise ,pcos ,
Hyperprolactinaemia , androgen producing tumors,
Tubercular endometritis
Hypomenorrhoea
When menstrual bleed is unduly scanty & lasts for less than 2days
Causes:(1)Local- uterine synechiae, endometrial TB ,
(2) Endocrine - OCP , thyroid dysfunction , premonopause
(3) Systemic - malnutrition
DUB
A state of abnormal uterine bleeding without any clinically detectable organic systemic and iatrogenic causes
