What is a requirement
- A need perceived by a stakeholder
- A capability or a property that a system shall have
3 . A documented representation of a need, capability or property
What the 3 kinds of requirements
- Functional requirements
- Quality requirements (often called non-functional requirements)
- Contraints (limit the solution space)
What is requirement engineering
The systematic and disciplined approach to the specification and management of requirements
What is the goal of requirement engineering
Understand the stakeholders’ desires and needs and minimize the risk of delivering a system that does not meet these desires and needs
What is a stakeholder
A person or organization who influences a system’s requirements or who is impacted by that system
What is a system for IREB/CPRE
1- In general: a principle for ordering and structuring
2. In engineering: a coherent, delimitable set of elements that, by coordinated action, achieve some purpose.
A system may comprise other systems or components as subsystems
How can a system deliver its purpose
- By deploying the system at the place(s) where it is used
- By selling/providing the system to its users as a product
- By having providers who offer the system’s capabilities to users as services
The term system is therefore a term that covers products, services, apps, or devices
How RE adds value to the process of developing a system
- It minimizes the risk of failure or costly modifications in later development stages
- It helps understand the problem that the system is supposed to solve and identify potential solutions
- It provides a proper basis for estimating development effort and cost
- It is a prerequisite for testing the system properly
What are the symptoms of inadequate RE
- Missing, unclear or wrong requirements
What that the reasons of inadequate RE
- Development teams rushing into implementing a system
- Communication problems between parties involved (Between stakeholders and developers or between stakeholders themselves)
- The assumption that the RE is self-evident
- People conducting RE without having adequate education and skills.
What is a cyber-physical system
A system that contains both software and physical components
What is a socio-technical system
A system that span software, hardware, people and organizational aspects.
What is a system requirement
It describes how a system works and behaves
What is a stakeholder requirement
It expresses the desires and needs that shall be satisfied by building a system, from the stakeholders’ perspective
What is a user requirement
A subset of the stakeholders’ requirements. The desires and needs of the users of a system
What is a domain requirement
Required domain properties of a system
What is a business requirement
It focuses on business goals, objectives, and needs of an organization that shall be achieved by employing a system
What are the tasks associated to the Requirement Engineer role
- Elicit, document, validate, manager requirements
- Have an in-depth knowledge of RE to define RE process, select RE practices, and apply these practices
- Are able to bridge the gap between the problem and potential solutions
What are the soft skills needed for RE
- ability to listen, moderate, negotiate, mediate
- empathy for stakeholders,
- openness to the needs and ideas of others
What is the definition of context
The part of a system’s environment being relevant for understanding the system and its requirements
The context of a system is delimited by the system boundary and the context boundary
What is the definition of the context boundary
The boundary between the context of system and those parts of the application domain that are irrelevant for the system and its requirements.
What is the definition of the system boundary
The boundary between a system and its surrounding context
The system boundary frequently coincides with the scope of a system development
What is the scope of a system
The range of things that can be shaped and designed when developing a system
What is the definition of validation
The process of confirming that the right requirements have been specified
