Arrest
An arrest is the taking of a person into custody, in a case, and in the manner authorized by law.
Crime
A crime is an act or omission forbidden by law, punishable upon conviction by death, imprisonment, fine or other penal discipline.
Probable Cause
Exists when the facts and circumstances known to an officer would warrant a prudent person in believing that a crime had been committed and that the accused had committed it.
Reasonable Suspicion
Specific and articulable facts or circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe a crime has been, is being, or is about to be committed.
Command Presence
A manner of posture and interaction, which conveys authority, commands attention, shows confidence, and thus increases credibility.
Search
A police intrusion on a reasonable and legitimate expectation of privacy.
Seizure
A police interference with an individual’s freedom of movement by means of physical force or show of authority or meaningful interference with an individual’s possessory interests in property.
Assault
Unlawfully attempting to use physical force against another person; or intentionally placing another person in reasonable apprehension of immediate bodily harm.
Battery
Any willful and unlawful use of force or violence upon the person of another.
Assaultive Resistance
The subject demonstrates an intent to harm the officer, others, or themselves.
Deadly Force
A degree of force which balances against a subject whose actions are life-threatening and likely to result in death or substantial bodily injury.
Imminent Threat
An impending violent act, harm, or resistance that will likely occur if not instantly confronted or addressed.
Life-Threatening Resistance
The subject’s actions are likely to result in death or substantial bodily injury to the officer or others.
Low-Level Force
A level of control that balances against a subject who is compliant or obstructive and is neither likely nor intended to cause injury.
Compliant
A person contacted by an officer who acknowledges direction or lawful orders given and offers no resistance.
Intermediate Force
A level of control that balances against a subject who is assaultive and has the potential to cause injury or substantial pain.
Obstructive Resistance
The subject is uncooperative, not complying with an officer’s commands, or their physical actions are intended to prevent an officer from placing the subject in custody or under control; the subject’s actions are NOT directed at harming the officer or others.
Substantial Bodily Injury
An injury that creates a substantial risk of death, causes serious permanent disfigurement, or results in a prolonged loss or impairment of the functioning of any body part.
