Definitions

Question 1

Isomer

Answer 1

Molecules with the same molecular formula with a different molecular structure

Question 2

Enantiomer

Answer 2

2 molecules which have the same bond structure and 3D shape, but are mirror images of each other (ie optical stereoisomers)

Question 3

Compartment modelling:

Answer 3

A pharmacokinetic compartment is a mathematical concept which describes a space in the body which a drug appears to occupy. It does not necessarily correspond to any specific anatomical space or physiological volume

Question 4

Single compartment model:

Answer 4

A model with one compartment

Question 5

Multi compartment model:

Answer 5

A model with multiple compartments (often 3) that describe the central, fast diffusing and slow diffusing tissues

Question 6

Bioavailability:

Answer 6

the proportion of drug that reaches the systemic circulation intact

Question 7

First pass metabolism:

Answer 7

the extent to which a drug is removed by the liver during its first passage in the portal blood through the liver to the systemic circulation

Question 8

Volume of distribution:

Answer 8

a theoretical volume into which a drug disburses in order to produce the observed plasma concentration Vd = dose/plasma concentration

Question 9

Clearance:

Answer 9

the volume of blood cleared of a drug per unit time

Question 10

Hepatic extraction ratio:

Answer 10

the proportion of drug which is cleared by the liver in a single pass