COUNTERFACTUAL
What has not happened but could/would under different conditions
CONFOUNDING
Variable that correlates with both independent & dependent variables
INTENTION-TO-TREAT
Analysis method for randomised trials - patients randomly assigned to one treatment are analysed together
ANECDOTE
Short story - regarded as unreliable
CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Analysis of data collected from a population at a specific time
CASE CONTROL STUDY
Compares patients with disease (cases) and patients without (controls)
-looks retrospectively at exposure to risk factors
COHORT
Group of people with shared characteristics
EXPERIMENTAL
Based on untested ideas/techniques - not yet finalised