What is PSR/revised PSR
- (PSR). The point in the flight of an aircraft beyond which the remaining fuel will be INSUFFICIENT for a safe return to departure airfield with appropriate RESERVES.
- (Revised PSR). The revised point upon the same definition.
What is ETP
The point on the route where it will take equal time to:
- divert to either of two enroute alternates.
- divert to enroute alternate or continue to destination.
What is ETP1, ETPD, ETP1D
ETP1 = OEI pressurized diversion ETPD = AEO depressurized diversion ETP1D = OEI depressurized diversion
What is DDP
Diversion Decision Point
- a point on a planned route to which a flight can operate with REDUCED contingency fuel (the point is associated with an en-route refueling airport)
on approaching the DDP point if the aircraft has less than sufficient fuel can it continue?
- it must divert from the DDP to the en-route refueling airport (if less than MIN DDP FUEL is available at the point)
Does extra fuel need to be added to the DDP to enr-route refuel airport leg as per the flight plan
yes, the flight plan only considers fuel burn on that leg
add the extra fuel as per the fuel rules for the a/c’s situation
legally how much contingency fuel should be taken?
- there is no value, only that it’s taken - up to the operator to decide
What is ISA deviation, how is it shown?
the deviation from ISA temp according to 1.98 degrees per 1000ft of altitude
eg. at sea level 25 degrees = ISA + 10.
at 10,000ft, -20 degrees = ISA - 15.
What is the PNR factor
The amount of fuel required to fly 1nm out from ETP PLUS amount to fly 1nm back toward ETP.
How can you calculate a revised PSR?
reduce fuel by (contingency + PDA) then divide by the PNR factor which gives a distance from the ETP.
What is EDTO
Extended Diversion Time Operations
CAR 1 - “a flight by a multi-engine turbine a/c, where flight time at OEI cruise speed at ISA in still air is:
- greater from a point on route to an alternate than the threshold time of the aircraft”
aka wide ocean or Russia
