What is hunger?
- Feeling of discomfort
- Weakness caused by a lack of food, coupled with the desire to eat
- Strong desire or craving of food
Differentiate hunger from painful hunger.
- Hunger can be an uncomfortable feeling (e.g. dieting)
- If the lack of food is prolonger, hunger can hurt
Differentiate hunger from gastritis.
- Hunger: can be satiated by food
- Gastritis: inflammation of stomach
Define hidden hunger.
- A situation in which it is difficult to tell if a person is hungry
- A lack of vitamins and minerals, which do not necessarily show obvious symptoms
Who came up with a consensual definition concerning food security? When?
- Rome Declaration on World Food Security
- 1996
Who does food security affect?
- All people (sexe, ethnicity)
- All times
- Human right
Define food security.
- The physical and economic access to food
- The access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets our dietary needs and preferences
What is the end goal of food security?
To provide individuals with an active and healthy life
Does food security encompass food safety, or the opposite?
Food security encompasses food safety
Define food safety.
Food is safe to consume, and is not contaminated, toxic, etc.
Give an example of food insecurity in Central America and Mexico.
- Corn is the most important food
- In certain areas, there are inadequate storing facilities
- Corn is subjected to humidity and high temperatures, which causes mold to grow
- Corn accumulates toxins (Aflatoxins)
- Extremely poisonous and increases the risk of liver cancer
What are the toxins accumulated on corn called?
Aflatoxins
What used to be the core component of food security? What are we moving towards?
- Before: sufficiency
- Now: nutrition
Define food insecurity.
Limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways
Food insecurity (is/is not) the lack of food security.
is not
What are socially unacceptable ways of acquiring foods?
- Stealing
- Scavenging
- Food distribution inequality due to social castes or gender discrimination
- Prostitution
- Working children in the streets
How does food security shift to food insecurity?
- Access to food: food security
- Lack of availability: food insecurity
Why is availability not a problem in today’s society? What is?
- We know how to produce staple foods optimally
- Problem: ability of individuals to acquire foods (income, prices, distribution)
Describe the physical environment.
- Climate change
- Soil degradation
- Water scarcity
Describe the social environment.
- Land distribution
- Conflicts
Describe the policy environment.
- Budget allocation
- Food markets
- Instability
What environmental layers contribute to food insecurity?
Physical -> Social -> Policy
What does insufficient financial capital impact?
Agriculture production
What does low human capital cause?
Illiteracy and taboos
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Definitions and Conceptual Framework35
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The Right to Food24
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The Four Dimensions of Food Security23
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Food Security Measurements50
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Food Insecurity in the World47
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Food Insecurity in Canada and the USA29
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Determinants of Food Insecurity42
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Strategies Against Food Insecurity and Hunger15
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Consequences of Food Insecurity34
