Demyelination

Question 1

What is the role of the myelin?

Answer 1

1. Covers and protects the neuron
2. Relay signals

Question 2

What is the most common cause of damage to the myelin?

Answer 2

Autoimmune condition

Question 3

What happens if the myelin is damaged?

Answer 3

1. risk for meningitis
2. delayed relay of impulses

Question 4

What occurs if the myelin in the CNS is damaged?

Answer 4

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 5

What occurs if the myelin in the PNS is damaged?

Answer 5

Guillain Barre Syndrome

Question 6

In what population is Multiple Sclerosis more common in?

Answer 6

Women, 20-40 years old

Question 7

How does Multiple Sclerosis start?

Answer 7

Starts as a viral infection then develops to an autoimmune condition

Question 8

What are sclerosis?

Answer 8

Plaques or scar tissue

Question 9

How does multiple sclerosis affect the eyes?

Answer 9

1. Nystagmus
2. Diplopia
3. Scotoma

Question 10

How does multiple sclerosis affect the neck?

Answer 10

Dysphagia

Question 11

How does multiple sclerosis affect the chest?

Answer 11

1. Respiratory depression
2. Cardiac depression
3. Cardiac arrythmias

Question 12

How does multiple sclerosis affect the abdomen?

Answer 12

Bowel and bladder incontinence

Question 13

How does multiple sclerosis affect the legs?

Answer 13

Ataxia (clumsy movements, loss of balance)

Question 14

What is the Hallmark Manifestation of Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 14

Charcot’s Triad

Question 15

What are the symptoms in Charcot’s Triad?

Answer 15

1. Scanning speech
2. Intentional tremors
3. Nystagmus

Question 16

How is multiple sclerosis diagnosed?

Answer 16

MRI

Question 17

How is multiple sclerosis managed?

Answer 17

1. Steroids
   - hydrocortisone
   - betamethasone
   - dexamethasone
2. Muscle relaxants
   - Baclofen
   - Flexemil
3. Assistive devices
4. Bronchodilators
5. Avoid hot baths

Question 18

In what population is Guillain Barre Syndrome common in?

Answer 18

Both men and women, 30-50 years old

Question 19

What causes Guillain Barre Syndrome?

Answer 19

Autoimmune condition and infectioon

Question 20

What bacteria is responsible for Guillain Barre Syndrome?

Answer 20

Camoylobacter jejuni