Patient Assessment > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

sebaceous glands

A
  • fatty substance secreted onto the skin surface through hair follicules
  • all skin except palms and soles
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2
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A
  1. eccrine
  2. apocrine
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3
Q

widely distributed glands that open directly onto skin surface & helps control body temp

A

eccrine gland

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4
Q

glands primarily in the axillary and genital area that open directly onto skin surface & are stimulated by emotional stress

A

apocrine glands

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5
Q

what causes body ordor

A

bacterial decomposition of apocrine sweat

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6
Q

function of skin

A
  • vitamin D synthesis
  • barrier and immunologic fxn
  • melanin production
  • sensation
  • temp regulation
  • protection from trauma
  • aesthetrics
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7
Q

skin color determined by

A
  • melanin
  • carotene
  • bilirubin
  • hemoglobin
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8
Q

Fitzpatrick skin type classification scale

A
  1. very fair
  2. fair
  3. light brown
  4. moderate/olive
  5. dark brown
  6. deeply pigmeneted dark brown
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9
Q
  • lesions
  • pruritis
  • hair loss & nail change
    are
A

concerning symptoms

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10
Q

what to note about new lesions

A
  • type, location, onset, changes, associated sx
  • family history
  • date of last skin check
  • sunscreen use
  • immunosuppression
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11
Q

generalized itching w/o rash can be due to

A
  • dry skin
  • pregnancy
  • uremia
  • hyperbilirubemia
  • leukemia
  • drug reactions
  • polycythemia vera
  • thryoid dx
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12
Q

what to inspect and palpate the skin for?

A
  • color
  • moisture
  • temperature
  • texture
  • mobility/turgor
  • lesions
  • rashes
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13
Q

what do you examine with the patient seated?

A
  • hair/scalp
  • head/neck
  • back/posterior neck
  • shoulder, arms , hands
  • chest & abdomen
  • thighs, lower legs, feet & toes
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14
Q

what part of the examine do you have the pt stand for?

A

lower back, butt, posterior thighs

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15
Q

What is the order of examination w/ pt lying supine

A
  1. hair/scalp
  2. head and neck
  3. shoulder, arms, hands
  4. chest abd.
  5. lower legs feet, toes, thighs
  6. have pt turn over to inspect posterior
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16
Q

what 8 things should the description of a lesion include

A
  1. primary lesion name
  2. number
  3. size
  4. shape
  5. color
  6. texture
  7. location
  8. configuration
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17
Q

circumbscribed flat area of change in the color of skin <1cm

A

macule

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18
Q

circumscribed flat area of change in the color of skin >1cm

A

patch

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19
Q

small, raised, solid elevation of skin <1cm

A

papule

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20
Q

larger, raised, flatter elevated of skin >1cm

A

plaque

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21
Q

Solid elevation of skin >1cm that extends into deeper skin layers

A

nodules

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22
Q

small, sircumscribed elevation of epidermis filled with purulent fluid appearing white

A

pustule

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23
Q
A
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24
Q

small, circumscribed elevation of epidermis filled with clear fluid <1cm

A

vesicle

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25
larger, circumscribed elevation of the epidermis filled with clear fluid >1cm
bulla
26
inflamed hair follicle (boil or abscess)
furuncle
27
multiple furnucles coalescing together
carbuncle
28
well-defined, mobile, firm, subepidermal nodule
subcutaneous nodules
29
benign cysts that grow from hair follicles
pilar cysts
30
fatty, soft, mobile and well defined subcutaneous nodules
lipoma
31
focal loss of epidermis or mucosasl epithelium (superficial)
erosion
32
focal loss of skin extending PAST THE EPIDERMIS (deeper)
ulcer
33
molluscum contagiosum
* dome shaped papule * associated w molluscum contagiosum bacteria
34
circumscribed, raised lesion consisting of dermal edema that comes and goes -redder than surrounding skin
wheal
35
what is the primary lesion of urticaria
wheal
36
what can accompany wheals
dermographism
37
pushing the lesion/rah and seeing if redness goes away or lessens
blanching
38
petechiae, purpura, cherry angiomas are
non-blanching lesions
39
telangiectasis, spider angioma, inflammatory lesions, post-inflammatory hyperemia/hyperpigmentation are
blanching lesions
40
bleeding underneath the skin causing bruising
ecchymosis
41
non blanching red/purple macules, punctate foci of hemorrhage <4mm
petechiae
42
what can petechiae suggest
* bleeding disorders * cutaneous emboli
43
non-blanching red/purple macules/plaques >4mm
purpura
44
what should you be concerned about with purpura is palpable
vasculitis
45
dried exudate on the skin
crust
46
partly separated dried epithelial cells
scale
47
honey colored crust with vesicles & superficial erosions
imetigo
48
ringed-shaped lesions w/ scaly border and central clearing of
tinea corporis
49
silvery scales on bright red, well demarcated plaques
psoriasis
50
small linear or serpiginous pathways in the pidermis created by the scabies mite
burrow
51
linear erosion or ulcer caused by scratching
excoriation
52
how to measure size
* along the axis * then perpendicular to axis * list larger number first
53
shape name of ring-line with central clearing
annular
54
shape name of coin-like without central clearing
nummular or discoid
55
shape name of rings with central duskiness
irregular, polygonal, target, bullseye, iris
56
configuration
the arrangment of groups * linear or straight * serpiginous or gyrate * dermatomal
57
serpiginous or gyrate
linear, branched and curving elements
58
textures of skin findings
* ssmooth * fleshy * verrucous (waxy) * rough * scaly
59
types of scales
* keratonic * rough * greasy
60
slide 37
Patient Assessment
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