Designing Learning Environments Flashcards

(47 cards)

1
Q

very teacher-directed learning experience

A

if teachers are making all organizational decisions regarding people. time, space, and equipment

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2
Q

student-directed learning experience

A

teachers involve students where appropriate in decisions

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3
Q

the more experiences students become with a movement task

A

the more student-directed learning experience can be

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4
Q

the greater the ability of students to work independently with each other

A

the more student directed the learning experience can be

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5
Q

goal of movement tasks

A

to develop students’ motor skill proficiency to the point where they can use the skills as part of a physically active lifestyle

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6
Q

being proficient in a motor skill refers to what 3 things

A
  • quality of effectiveness of skill performance
  • quality of efficiency of skill performance
  • quality of adaptation of skill performance
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7
Q

what is effectiveness measured by

A

whether the execution of the motor skill led to the desired result
ex) did the shooting technique lead to made jump shot?

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8
Q

if motor skills do what they were intended to do

A

considered effective

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9
Q

when is a skill performed efficiently

A

when action is mechanically correct for a given performer and situation
can be variation in way people perform efficiently- especially children

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10
Q

when is it difficult for most learners to be effective with a motor skill

A

if they do not execute it in an efficient manner

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11
Q

what does quality of adaptation refer to

A

ability of students to adapt their skill execution to changing conditions

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12
Q

what can play a role in skill that are externally paced and continuous

A

adaptation of skill performance

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13
Q

when must instructors be aware of skill adaptation

A

when assessing skills in externally paced or continuous skill situations

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14
Q

what do closed skills require a greater emphasis on

A

efficiency because environment is unchanging
focus for teacher instruction

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15
Q

what do closed skills require little of

A

adaptation

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16
Q

when specific closed skills are used in different environments how should they be taught

A

as closed skill first then practice in differing environments

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17
Q

what do open skills rely heavily on

A

ability of performer to rapidly process perceptual (mostly visual) cues

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18
Q

what skilled open skill performers do

A

can interpret the environment and can adjust the skill to changing conditions

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19
Q

what do instructors need to assess in an open skill

A

1) choose correct movement response in a changing environment
2) execute movement response efficiently and effectively

20
Q

what is number one consideration when establishing goals, developing content and making organizational arangements

A

safety of students

21
Q

what to teachers have a legal responsibility to do

A

keep students safe

22
Q

all PE teachers must adhere to the following 4 safety principles

A
  1. confirm every student has necessary prerequisites to work on a skill
  2. make sure that students always work under control with any task
  3. make sure that students always work safely with any task 4. structure the environment so students can participate and practice safely
23
Q

what do the courts emphasize PE teachers must do

A

all they can do to minimize the safety risks in class
if not they may be legally liable

24
Q

another way to enhance probability of students staying safe

A

nurture a collective, collaborative feeling among students

25
what is the reciprocal exchange of influence
- individual athlete exerts an influence on other members of team - other members- both individually and collectively- exert influence on individual athletes
26
on a team what is very important to develop and what needs to be reduced
- sense of we - the importance of I
27
as a teams sense of we is developed what gets stronger
group cohesiveness
28
group cohesiveness
level of togetherness team members feel
29
what are the two ways individual athletes perceive the togetherness of their team
- group integration - individual attractions to the group
30
group integration
each athlete's perceptions about closeness, similarity and bonding within group
31
individual attractions to the group
captures level of desire that each athlete has to be part of group
32
when people have ownership over a decision what to they tend to do
support that decision more strongly
33
what can coach's decision style have influence on
level of cohesiveness within the team
34
what do team members do when they have autonomy over decision making
engage in behaviours more persistently, with greater intensity and for longer duration
35
coaches who engage in more democratic behaviours
more likely to have teams with higher cohesion
36
communication circular relationship
-as level of communication relating to task increase, cohesiveness increases -as group becomes more cohesive, communication increases -more open, volunteer more, talk more, listen better
37
what is another group process associated with group cohesiveness
communication
38
what is the relationship between group norms and degree of group cohesivess
circular
39
norms and cohesiveness circular
development of norms contributes to development of cohesiveness increased group cohesiveness there is greater conformity to group standards
40
recently formed group has
minimal influence over its members
41
when do athletes experience less cognitive anxiety
when they perceive team to be higher in task cohesion
42
less cognitive anxiety because members of cohesive teams could experience less pressure to
- carry out responsibilities of the group - satisfy members expectations of themselves
43
how do athletes who feel team is higher in task cohesion view competitive anxiety
feel just something that comes with the territory of being in competition may be beneficial
44
social loafing
individuals not doing as much work when they are in a group
45
relationship between social loafing and team cohesiveness
members of teams high in task cohesion were less likely to be social loafers
46
why does social loafing occur
becuase the bigger the group, the easier it is to get away with not working as hard
47