Despositional Landforms

Question 1

Tombolo example

Answer 1

Chesil beach
St ninians island

Question 2

Bar example

Answer 2

Slapton ley
Devon

Question 3

Spit example

Answer 3

Humber estuary

Question 4

Haloseres

Answer 4

Ecological succession that develops in a highly saline environment
On mud flats

Needs low energy and constant supply of mud
Roots stabilise with salt tolerant plants
Land rise and vegetation wit grow

Question 5

Sand dunes types from foreshore to backshore

Answer 5

Embryo
Fore
Yellow
Grey
Ridges
Dune slack
Blowout

Question 6

Embryo dune

Answer 6

Metre high
80% sand exposed

Question 7

Fore and yellow dunes

Answer 7

5m high
20% sand exposed

Question 8

grey dunes and dune ridges

Answer 8

8-10m high
Less than 10% exposed sand

Question 9

How are sand dunes formed

Answer 9

Deposits of sand in inter tidal zone
Dries
Blown by wind and move by saltation up beach
Trapped by debris
If not eroded then builds and is colonised by plants
Positive feedback as continues to grow
Roots make it stable

Question 10

Berms

Answer 10

Spring tides form a storm ridge so following tides can’t reach features further back remain untouched
Berms are smaller ridges formed beneath rudge marking successive high tides following the spring tide into the near tide

Example on Hornsea beach

Question 11

Ridges and runnels

Answer 11

Form parallel to the shoreline in the foreshore zone
Ridges are areas of the foreshore that are raised above the adjacent shore which dips into a runnel
Runnels are disrupted by channels that help to drain water down the beach

Question 12

Cusps

Answer 12

Crescent shaped indentations that form on beaches which have mix of sand and shingle
Formed where there is a junction between the two
Swash concentrated in small bay that forms in the centre of the cusp
Stronger backwash that removes sediment

Question 13

Offshore bars

Answer 13

Elongated ridges and mounds of sand or gravel deposited beyond a shoreline by currents and waves
Both submerged bars and emergent islands separated from the shore which are exposed at different times

Question 14

Submerged bars constructed by …

Answer 14

Constructed by longshore, tidal and fluvial currents in shallow water coastal environments
Can migrate
Steep shore facing slopes of berms