how are they formed?
localised ström events with stronger winds operating closer to the coast
how long is the wavelength?
short
what is frequency of the waves?
11-16 per minute
what are the wave characteristics?
high waves, which plunge onto the beach
what are the swash characteristics?
weak swash, strong backwash
what is its affect on the beach?
occurs on steeply sloped beaches
when do these waves dominate?
during winter
When do constructive waves become destructive?
if a strom begins
climate change may increase what?
storm frequency
what may affect the type of waves that occur?
coastal management