DEVELOPMENTAL DIFFERENCE

Question 1

Executive function

Answer 1

Mental processes to control and regulate thought, emotion, and behaviour

ex:
* planning
* organization
* self-control
* task initiation
* time managment
* metacognition
* working memory
* attention
* flexibility
* perserverance

differentiate between cultures

Question 2

Development is thought to be shaped through experience

Answer 2

parents,school

Question 3

**Research has linked performance on EF tasks with positive outcomes **

Answer 3

academic success, coping with stress, handling multiple activities

Question 4

Marsmallow study

Answer 4

adult tells kids that if they wait for the adult to come back they would get two marshmallow,but if they asked the adult to come back earlier they would only get one

Question 5

Marshmallow study cultural differences

Answer 5

• Cameroonian children → 2x more likely to wait for marshmallow than German children
• Yucatec Mayan children → very little interest in EF tasks, poor performance ( thought it wasn’t important)
• Japanese children → compared to US, wait longer for food, but less for presents

Question 6

it also shows how tests that assess children’s development are ideas and tests (for ef) have been constructed from a particular cultural lens, as well as lenses biased to certain family structures,socioeconomics and abilities and might not apply to everyone

Answer 6

This only shows how Psychology’s ideas and tests for EF are culturally constructed and what they seem to think is important and their costumes

Question 7

APPROACH TO DISABILITY

Answer 7

• Medical model
• social model

Question 8

Medical model

Answer 8

Disability is caused by impairment from disease, trauma, or brain/body deficits

Ex: her impairment is the problem! They should cure her or give her prosthetics.

Question 9

Social model:

Answer 9

Impairment is caused by barriers in society

Ex: the stairs are the problem! They should build a ramp

Question 10

What might be the differences in approaching applied developmental psychology from a medical model vs social model?

Answer 10

• medical approch focus way more in intervention
• medical model a lot of times feels more real/people might take it more serious
• medical model more to the individual
• social model more of a collective issue
• social model focuses in lessen stigma

Question 11

Neurotypical

Answer 11

in which a person’s brain functions as “expected” by society

Question 12

Autism

Answer 12

a range of conditions, often characterized by differences/challenges in

• social interaction
• speech and communication,
• repetitive/restricted behaviours

Question 13

ADHD

Answer 13

often characterized by differences/challenges in
* attention
* impulse control
* hyperactivity

Question 14

Dyslexia

Answer 14

challenges in
* reading
* decoding words
* spelling

Question 15

Learning disability

Answer 15

challenges in one or more of the processes involved

• learning

and/or

• specific academic skills