Developmental Sequence (Per O'Sullivan)

Question 1

By 1 Month…

Answer 1

• decreased flexion
• momentary head elevation with minimal forearm support
• tracks a moving object with head rotation
• head usually to one side
• reciprocal and symmetrical kicking
• positive support and primary walking reflexes in supported standing
• hands fisted with indwelling thumb most of the time
• Neonatal reaching
• alert, brightening expression

Question 2

By 2 months …

Answer 2

• head elevation to 45 degrees in prone, prone on elbows with elbows behind shoulders
• head bobs in supported sitting
• does not accept weight on lower extremities (astasia-abasia)
• responds to friendly handling

Question 3

By 3 months …

Answer 3

• prone on elbows, weight bearing on forearms
• elbows in line with shoulders, head elevated to 90 degrees
• head in midline in supine, hands on chest
• increased back extension with scapular adduction in supported sitting
• takes some weight with toes curled in supported standing
• coos, chuckles
• optical and labyrinthe head-righting present

Question 4

By 4 months…

Answer 4

• rolls prone to side, supine to side
• sits with support
• no head lag in pull-to-sit
• bilateral reaching with forearm pronated when trunk supported
• ulnar-palmar grasp
• laughs out loud

Question 5

By 5 months …

Answer 5

• rolls from prone to supine
• weight shifting from one forearm to the other in prone
• head control in supported sitting

Question 6

By 6 months …

Answer 6

• prone on hands with elbows extended, weight shifting from hand to hand
• rolls supine to prone
• independent sitting
• pulls to stand with hands held, bounces

Question 7

By 7 months

Answer 7

• can maintain quadruped
• pivots on belly; moves body in circle while prone
• pivot prone position
• assumes sitting from quadruped
• trunk rotation in sitting
• recognizes tone of voice
• may show fear of strangers

Question 8

8-9 months

Answer 8

• belly crawls
• quadruped creeping
• moves quadruped to sitting
• side-sitting
• pulls-to-stand through kneeling at furniture
• cruises sideways, can stand alone
• reaches with closest arm, radial digital grasp, radial palmar, three-jaw chuck grasp, and inf. pincer grasp w/thumb and forefinger
• can transfer objects from one hand to the other

Question 9

10-15 months

Answer 9

• begins to walk unassisted
• transitions in/out of squatting
• creeps up/down steps
• transitions floor to stand
• begins self feeding
• reaches with supination, neat pincer grasp, can release, build a tower of two cubes
• searches for hidden toys
• suspicious of strangers
• plays patty-cake and peek a boo
• imitates

Question 10

20 months

Answer 10

• ascends stairs step-to pattern (2 feet on each step, non-reciprocal)
• running more coordinated
• jumps off bottom step
• plays make-believe
• throws ball overhand a few feet

Question 11

2 years

Answer 11

• runs well
• can go upstairs foot-over-foot (reciprocal stair climbing)
• active, restless, tantrums
• jumps with two feet
• catches large ball

Question 12

3 years

Answer 12

• rides tricycle
• stands on one foot briefly
• jumps off step
• hops on one foot
• gallops
• kicks ball
• understands sharing
• climbs on playground equipment

Question 13

4 years

Answer 13

• hops on one foot several times
• stands on tiptoes
• relates to friends
• relates to friends

Question 14

5 years

Answer 14

• skips
• kicks ball well
• dresses self
• swings self on playground swing (pumps legs independently)