define growth
physiological growth – increase in physical measurements
define development
psychological growth – increased skill & capacity to function
the sandwich generation
taking care of dependent children & taking care of aging parents
define:
adolescent
young adult
middle adult
older adult
adolescent 12-18
young adult 19-39
middle adult 40-64
older adult 65+
normal physiological development of adolescent
- physical changes: increase in bone and muscle growth, hormone fluctuations: puberty
- massive brain growth & pruning, poor impulse control
- health risks: MVA accidents, violence, suicide, SA, ED, STIs, depression
normal (overall) development of young adulthood
- careers; marriage; raising children
- active, in physical peak
- tend to avoid seeking help due to illness
- health risks: lifestyle habits, accidents, SA, fertility issues, stress, pregnancy, mental illness
when is physical growth completed
20 yrs
normal development of middle adulthood
- financial responsibilities; balancing career and family
- adjusting to/fighting aging process
-physical: grey hair, wrinkles, metabolic changes, decreased hearing and vision, hormone fluctuations
- psychosocial changes: launching children, dealing with separation/divorce or death of loved one
- health risks: stress, anxiety, depression, obesity, long-term effects of poor lifestyle choices
normal development of older adulthood
- physical changes: decreased muscle mass, degenerative joints, lower cardiac output, decreased elasticity
- psychosocial changes: retirement, transitions and role change, social isolation (death of loved ones/friends), maintaining sexual identity
- health risks: cancer, heart disease, delirium, dementia, arthritis, falls
what is Erikson’s theory of stages of psychosocial development about
- Erikson believend personality develops in a series of stages
- in each stage, each person needs to accomplish a particular task/challenge in order to move to the next stage
- each stage builds upon the successful resolution of the previous developmental stage/challenge
- unsuccessful resolution of one stage will result in the chronic inability to master these stages
what are Erikson’s 8 stages of psychosocial development
- trust vs. mistrust (birth-1 yr)
- autonomy vs. sense of shame & doubt (1-3 yr)
- initiative vs. guilt (3-6 yr)
- industry vs. inferiority (6-11 yr)
- identity vs. role confusion (12-18 yr)
- intimacy vs. isolation (18-35 yr)
- generativity vs stagnation (35-65 yr)
- integrity vs despair (65+)
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development:
adolescence (teens-early 20s)
- stage: identity vs role confusion
- task: teens work at refining sense of self by testing roles and integrating them to form a single identity or they become confused about who they are
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development:
young adult (20-40s)
- stage: intimacy vs isolation
- task: young adults struggle to form close relation ships and to gain the capacity for intimate love or they feel socially isolated
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development:
middle adult (40-60s)
- stage: generativity vs stagnation
- task: discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually thru family and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development:
late adult (60+)
- stage: integrity vs despair
- task: when reflecting on their life, the older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure
normal psychological and sociocultural development of adolescents
- self identity
- gender identity, peer relationships, sexuality
- independence from family unit
