DT GCSE > Developments in new materials > Flashcards

Developments in new materials Flashcards

(21 cards)

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1
Q

what are modern materials

A

materials that have been developed with a specific application in mind

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2
Q

Graphene properties and uses

A
  • single sheet of carbon, honeycomb structure
  • thin layer of graphite
  • light and strong
  • great heat and electricity conductor
  • used in tennis rackets
    made in 2004
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3
Q

Metal foams properties and uses

A
  • is a metal ( e.g. aluminium and titanium ) that contains many gas - filled spaces, making them lightweight
  • tough
  • strong under compression
  • developed in 1940
  • used in lightweight car parts and bone implants
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4
Q

Titanium properties and uses

A
  • light grey
  • corrosion - resistant
  • high strength to weight ratio
  • easily formed
  • used in CAD/ CAM to reduce machine costs, bikes, ships, armour
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5
Q

how else can modern materials be developed

A

by altering an existing material material to perform a particular function

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6
Q

LCD ( Liquid Crystal Display ) properties and uses

A
  • lightweight
  • thin
  • energy efficient
  • the liquid crystals in the display are made with a mixture of chemicals, when voltage is applied, it changes colour
  • used in flat screen TV, computer screens
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7
Q

Coated metal properties and uses

A
  • iron and steel can be galvanised ( coated with zinc) to prevent rusting)
  • makes metals corrosion - resistant, e.g. nickel plated steel
  • can be coated with PVC to make it corrosion resistant and give it ability to be coloured
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8
Q

what are Nanomaterial’s made of

A

made up of tiny particles (nanoparticles)

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9
Q

Carbon nanotubes properties and uses

A
  • high strength to weight ratio
  • good conductors of heat and electricity
  • can be added to a material to strengthen it without adding much weight
  • used in tennis rackets and electronics
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10
Q

Self- cleaning nanoparticles

A
  • have nanoparticle coating that removes odours and stains upon exposure to light
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11
Q

antibacterial fabrics nanoparticles

A
  • use nanoparticles of silver to kill bacteria
  • used in medical settings, e.g. face masks and dressings
  • also used in anti - bacterial toys and odour free socks
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12
Q

what is a smart material

A

a material that reacts to the environment or an external output and its change is temporary e.g. light, heat, electricity

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13
Q

what does thermo and chromo mean

A

heat, colour

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14
Q

Properties and uses of thermochromic pigments

A
  • inks used in colour changing products
  • react to temperature, when temperature changes, it changes colour
  • when it goes back to its original temperature, object returns to original colour
  • Used in kettles, baby spoons, thermometer strips
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15
Q

Photochromic pigments properties and uses

A
  • change colour depending on its exposure to light
  • can be put into spectacle lenses to make sunglasses which go darker when in sunlight (takes 2 minutes to lighten)
  • can be used in torches and shirts with designs which only show up in the sun
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16
Q

SMA (Shape memory alloy) properties and uses

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A
  • alloys that remember their original shape, can be shaped when cool but return to original shape when its heated above a certain temperature
  • used in nitinol glasses, shaped with a jig at 540 but will return to normal shape when reheated to 70 degrees
  • also used in braces
17
Q

What are composite materials

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A

materials that are made from two or more different materials bonded together, creating improved properties and better function

e.g. glass reinforced plastic, carbonfibre reinforced plastic

18
Q

Glass reinforced plastics properties and uses

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A
  • made from glass fibres coated in a thermosetting plastic resin
  • stronger and tougher than plastic itself
  • heat resistant
  • corrosion resistant
  • easy to mould into complex shapes
  • used in boats, kayaks, surfboards
19
Q

Carbonfibre reinforced fibre properties and uses

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A
  • made from carbonfibres coated in a thermosetting plastic resin
  • lighter, tougher, stronger than GRP, but more expensive
  • used in protective helmets, racing cars, sports equipment
20
Q

What are technical textiles

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A

enhanced fabrics which are designed purely to be functional rather than look good

21
Q

Kevlar (Poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide) properties and uses

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A
  • strong
  • hard wearing
  • woven texture from fine to coarse weave
  • non- flammable
  • impact resistant
  • used in bulletproof vests, helmets, tyres, motorcyclist clothing
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