How many people live on 3km2 of land?
1 million
Where is Mumbai located?
Prime land in the middle of Mumbai (India’s financial centre) in Maharashtra state
When was Dharavi’s slum founded?
1882 when the British colonial government moved locals out of the city centre to develop their governmental + public buildings
What was Dharavi’s original economy?
Originally a small fishing village on an island in a mangrove swamp on the Arabian Sea coast
Why won’t people move? (3)
- multi-generational (4 generations = happy safe community)
- choose to be there
- Mumbai housing is expensive (rent higher than NYC + London)
Why did Dharavi experience hyper-urbanisation? (4)
- primary location for finance
- overlaps CBD
- migration from other regions of India
- followed India’s independence from British Empire 1947
What happened to the marshy ground?
reclaimed by draining and infilling with waste materials e.g., coconut leaves, rotten fish, rubbish - meant the settlement lost its river creek and therefore its original fishing economy
What is Dharavi’s economy based on? (3)
- pottery (from Gujurat state)
- tanneries (Rural-urban migrants from Maharashtra state (local) and migrants from Tamil Nadu (SE India) worked the tanneries
- textiles (Migrants from Uttar Pradesh state (N India) )
$650m annnual turnover
How much of India’s foreign trade did Mumbai account for in 2015?
40%
How many industrial units does Dharavi have?
5,000 garment manufacturing, pottery, steel manufacture, printing, recycling
What are single-room factory rooms like in Dharavi?
Over 15,000 single-room factories employ over 250,000 people
What improvement is needed in Dharavi? (4)
- Sanitation
- Working conditions
- Buildings
- Healthcare/ Education
What do rag pickers do?
collect waste materials like plastic/glass/metals and sell to scrap dealers who in turn sell to factories for processing e.g. plastic bottles into plastic pellets - recycles over 80% of Mumbai’s waste (Mumbai generates >7,000 tonnes of waste a day)
How many people rag-pick in Dharavi?
35,000 (including children)
What is Dharavi’s economies turnover?
estimated to exceed US$1 billion - a huge amount
- many international banks located in south (central bank)
Which sector do most people work in?
90% in the informal sector (no records, no tax paid, no employment/factory regulations) - typical of India as a whole with >90% of all employment and most economic growth taking place within the informal sector
what is the economic activity like?
largely decentralised i.e., it is organised and run from inside Dharavi
e.g call centres
How many people per toilet?
1400
How many people are in poverty?
40%
millionaires live in the slum
Why is there poor health in Dharavi?
diseases like TB spread quickly due to the high population density and poor sanitation - so high death rates
What % are malnourished?
30%
How big is Dharavi slum in comparison to the rest of the world?
3rd
What percentage of plastic is recycled in Mumnbai compared to UK?
Mumbai - 80%
UK - 23%
What is compound 13?
- recycling district in the slum
- materials are separated by hand
