Normal Range for heart rate
60 - 100 beats per minute
normal range for blood pressure
120/80
Normal Rate for respiratory rate
12-20 breaths
Normal Rate for body temp
37.4 - 37.5
Equipment to measure heart rate
Manual, pulse oximeter, automatic blood pressure monitor, ECG
equipment to measure blood pressure sphygmomanometer and a stethoscope or an automatic blood pressure monitor
Equipment to measure respiratory rate
manual observation
Equipment to measure body temp
thermometer
Heart rate above 100?
- Tachycardia
- Caused by stress, excess alcohol or caffeine, using tobacco products, cardiomyopathy etc
Heart Rate below 60?
- Bradycardia
- Casued By Heart tissue damage, congenital heart defect, myocarditis, hypothyroidism etc
Breathing Rate above 20?
tachypnoea
breathing rate below 12?
bradypoenia
Blood pressure above 140/90?
what causes it
Hypertension - smoking, stress, obesity, poor diet, excessive alcohol or caffeine, ageing
Blood pressure below 90/60?
what cases it?
Hypotension - being pregnant, dehydration, medical conditions like diabetes, some medicines
What is meant by tissue perfusion
the rate of blood flow through the blood vessel into a tissue
Define : ischaemia, hypoxia, anoxia
ischaemia- reduced blood flow to a tissue
hypoxia - reduced oxygen levels in a tissue
anoxia - no oxygen in a tissue
What does the P wave on an ECG represent
contraction/systole of the arteria
what does the QRS complex represent on an ECG
contraction/systole of the ventricles
what does the T wave on an ECG represent
diastole/ relaxation
