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dialysis teach Flashcards

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1
Q

Hypotension During Dialysis

A

Stop UF, place supine, give saline bolus, monitor BP, inform doctor.

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2
Q

Fistula Infiltration

A

Stop pump, remove needle, apply pressure, ice pack, re-cannulate elsewhere.

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3
Q

Chest Pain During Dialysis

A

Stop UF, give oxygen, monitor ECG/BP, inform doctor immediately.

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4
Q

Patient Becomes Unresponsive

A

Check airway, breathing, pulse; start CPR; call code blue.

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5
Q

No Thrill/Bruit in Fistula

A

Don’t use it, inform doctor, check for thrombosis, arrange fistulogram.

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6
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Stop dialysis, give glucose orally or IV, monitor blood sugar.

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7
Q

Post-Dialysis Bleeding

A

Apply firm pressure, elevate limb, check coagulation, inform doctor.

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8
Q

Severe Itching

A

Check for allergy, uremia, phosphorus; give antihistamine as prescribed.

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9
Q

Hepatitis B Positive

A

Isolate in separate room with dedicated machine; full PPE.

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10
Q

Refuses Dialysis

A

Explain risks, counsel calmly, inform doctor, document refusal.

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11
Q

Arrives Late

A

Adjust session as advised, counsel on importance of punctuality.

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12
Q

Eating During Dialysis

A

Explain risk of hypotension/nausea, discourage heavy meals.

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13
Q

Pediatric Dialysis

A

Use pediatric dialyzer/settings, involve parents, give reassurance.

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14
Q

Dementia Patient Pulling Needles

A

Stay calm, reassure, involve family, restrain only if ordered.

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15
Q

Pregnant Dialysis Patient

A

More frequent/longer sessions, close BP & fluid monitoring.

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16
Q

Restless/Anxious

A

Check vitals, reassure, explain, doctor if unresolved.

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17
Q

Fever/Chills During Dialysis

A

Pyrogen/sepsis; stop dialysis, cultures, doctor review.

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18
Q

Seizure History

A

Ensure meds, avoid rapid electrolyte change, emergency drugs ready.

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19
Q

Collapses After Dialysis

A

Check pulse/BP, oxygen, CPR if no pulse, call doctor.

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20
Q

Faints in Waiting Area

A

ABC check, flat position, vitals, doctor evaluation.

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21
Q

Arterial Pressure High Alarm

A

Kink, clot, needle position, access flow.

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22
Q

Venous Pressure Low Alarm

A

Leak or dislodged needle; clamp line, stop pump, reinsert.

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23
Q

Air Detector Alarm

A

Stop pump, clamp lines, remove air before resuming.

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24
Q

Blood Leak Alarm

A

Stop dialysis, don’t return blood, change dialyzer.

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25
Conductivity Alarm
Stop dialysis, recheck concentrate, ensure correct mix.
26
Temperature Alarm
Stop dialysis, check heater unit, fix before restart.
27
Heparin Pump Failure
Continue dialysis with periodic saline flushes.
28
Self-Test Failure
Tag “out of service,” call biomedical, use backup machine.
29
Wrong Dialysate Concentrate
Stop immediately, correct concentrate, monitor patient.
30
Water Supply Failure
Stop dialysis, return blood, inform engineering.
31
Power Failure
Use hand crank, return blood, restart once power stabilizes.
32
Machine Error Codes
Pause session, troubleshoot, call biomedical.
33
Muscle Cramps
Stop/reduce UF, saline bolus, massage, adjust dry weight.
34
Mild Dialyzer Reaction
Stop dialysis, antihistamine, oxygen, doctor consult.
35
Severe Dialyzer Reaction
Stop dialysis, no blood return, emergency meds (adrenaline).
36
Shortness of Breath
Stop UF, give oxygen, monitor vitals, call doctor.
37
Bleeding After Heparin
Pressure, elevate limb, protamine if ordered.
38
Needle Dislodged
Stop pump, clamp, pressure, replace needle.
39
Vomiting During Dialysis
Check BP, UF, recent food, adjust treatment, give antiemetic.
40
Repeated Cramps
Review dry weight, slow UF, sodium profile.
41
Post-Dialysis Fatigue
UF too high, low Hb, nutrition — discuss with doctor.
42
Emergency High K+
Use low K+ bath, quick setup, ECG monitor.
43
Blood Spill
PPE, bleach (1:10), dispose, wash hands, record.
44
Needle Stick Injury
Wash site, report, start PEP protocol.
45
HIV/HCV Patient
Universal precautions, PPE, thorough disinfection.
46
Staff Skips Hand Hygiene
Politely remind, escalate if repeated.
47
Patient Refuses Mask
Educate on infection risk, inform nurse if persists.
48
Wrong Patient
Stop immediately, verify ID, report incident.
49
Refuses Anticoagulation
Saline flush every 30 min, monitor for clotting.
50
On Warfarin
Check INR, minimize heparin, monitor bleeding.
51
Needle Phobia
Reassure, distraction, topical anesthetic.
52
Refuses Further Dialysis
Listen, counsel, inform doctor/counselor, document.
53
Transport Delay
Prioritize by urgency — K+, overload, unstable first.
54
Wrong Dialyzer
Stop, correct immediately, report, document.
55
New Technician Errors
Support, retrain, report if unsafe.
56
Persistent Itching
Check phosphorus, uremia, water quality.
57
Chest Pain Assessment
Evaluate vitals, ECG, UF rate, dialyzer reaction.
58
Pre-Dialysis Hypertension
Verify dry weight, check meds, consult doctor before start.
59
Fluid Overload But Refuses UF
Explain risk, follow doctor’s prescription, document refusal.
60
Low Hemoglobin
Avoid heavy UF, check BP closely, oxygen support if needed.
61
Frequent Clotting
Low heparin, access issues, slow blood flow, high Hct.
62
Refuses Blood Return
Explain risk of blood loss, document refusal.
63
Family Argument
Stay calm, explain, offer update, escalate if needed.
64
Infection Outbreak
Isolate cases, audit cleaning, reinforce hygiene.
65
Patient Depressed
Listen empathetically, inform counselor/doctor.
66
Arrhythmia
Stop dialysis, oxygen, inform doctor immediately.
67
Pre-Surgery Patient
Dialyze a day before, manage heparin carefully.
68
Catheter Exit Site Pus
Don’t use catheter, culture pus, doctor review.
69
Dietary Noncompliance
Re-educate, involve dietitian, document.
70
Documentation Errors
Correct immediately, sign/date correction, report.
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