Digestive System Flashcards by Moses ‎

The Enteric Nervous System is composed mainly of two plexuses
a. Myenteric or Meissner’s plexus and
Submucosal or Auerbach plexus
b. Myenteric or Auerbach plexus and Submucosal or Meissner’s plexus
c. Myenteric or Anterbach plexus and Submucosal or Meissner’s plexus
d. Myenteric or Auerbach plexus and
Submeissners or Meissner’s plexus

Myenteric or Auerbach plexus and Submucosal or Meissner’s plexus

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Stimulates gastric acid secretion
a. Cholecystokinin
b. Secretin
c. Gastrin
d. Calcitonin

Gastrin

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Deglutition or swallowing center
a. Medulla and lower pons
b. Medulla and upper pons
c. Lower pons and midbrain
d. Upper pons and midbrain

Medulla and lower pons

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Which of the following describe the motor function of the stomach?
a. storage of large quantities of food until the food can be processed
b. mixing of this food with gastric secretions until it forms a semifluid mixture called chyme
c. slow emptying of the chyme from the stomach into the small intestine at a rate suitable for proper digestion and absorption by the small intestine.
d. AOTA

AOTA

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stimulates gallbladder contractions to release bile into the duodenum.
a. Cholecystokinin
b. Secretin
c. Gastrin
d. Ptyalin

Cholecystokinin

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The ___________, which carry bile from the liver lobes, combine to form the _________
a. Cystic Duct; Common Hepatic Duct
b. Common bile duct; Cystic Duct
c. Hepatic Ducts; Common Hepatic Duct
d. Pancreatic Duct; Cystic duct

Hepatic Ducts; Common Hepatic Duct

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The common hepatic duct combines with the ______ from the gallbladder to form the ________ a. Cystic Duct; Common Bile Duct
b. Cystic Duct; Hepatic Ducts
c. Pancreatic Duct; Common Bile Duct
d. Pancreatic Duct; Hepatic Ducts

Cystic Duct; Common Bile Duct

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The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct combine to form the ____________ a. Duct of Santorini
b. Accessory Duct
c. Hepatopancreatic Ampulla
d. NOTA

Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

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Which of the following describe the gallbladder?
a. Largest internal organ of the body
b. Saclike structure for bile storage
c. Complex organ composed of both endocrine and exocrine tissues
d. major events of absoorption

Saclike structure for bile storage

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All of the following describes the large intestine, Except:
a. It consists of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal
b. The colon stores the feces until they are eliminated by defecation.
c. The large intestine is where the greatest
amount of digestion and absorption occurs.
d. NOTA

The large intestine is where the greatest

amount of digestion and absorption occurs.

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11.	Regulates the opening of the Hepatopancreatic 
Ampulla 
a.	Sphincter of Oddi 
b.	Sphincter of Oddin 
c.	Sphincter of Odden 
d.	NOTA

Sphincter of Oddi

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A minor amount of carbohydrate digestion begins in the oral cavity with the partial digestion of starches by
a. Patayalin
b. Gastrin
c. Ptyalin
d. Tayalin

Ptyalin

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Ingested carbohydrates consist primarily of
a. polysaccharides, such as starches;
disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).
b. polysaccharides, such as sucrose;
disaccharides, such as starch(table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).
c. polysaccharides, such as starches;
disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as maltose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).
d. polysaccharides, such as maltose;
disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).

polysaccharides, such as starches;
disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).

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secreted by the stomach catalyzes the cleavage of covalent bonds in proteins to produce smaller polypeptide chains a. Gastrin
b. Pepsin
c. Trypsin
d. Secretin

Pepsin

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Pain associated with large intestine and colon may occur in the
a. Chest area
b. Epigastric area
c. Umbilical area
d. Suprapubic area

Suprapubic

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Pain associated with small intestine
a. Chest area
b. Epigastric area
c. Umbilical area
d. Suprapubic area

Umbilical

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Pain associated with stomach
a. Chest area
b. Epigastric area
c. Umbilical area
d. Suprapubic area

Epigastric

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normal amount of bile

a. 1000-1500ml
b. 200-500ml
c. 800-1000L
d. NOTA

NOTA

800-1000mL

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constipation that is so severe that bowel movements occur only once every week or so. This allows tremendous quantities of fecal matter to accumulate in the colon sometimes to distend to a diameter of 3 to 4 inches. This condition is called.
a. Hirschsprung’s disease
b. enteritis
c. psychogenic diarrhea
d. NOTA

Hirschsprung’s disease

aka megacolon

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Which of the following describes the Intrinsic muscle of the tongue?
a. Originate outside the tongue and insert into connective tissues in the tongue
b. Move the tongue side to side and in and out
c. Alter the shape of the tongue
d. AOTA

Alter the shape of the tongue

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All of the following describes the Extrinsic muscle, except?
a. Originate outside the tongue and insert into connective tissues in the tongue
b. Move the tongue side to side and in and out
c. Alter the shape of the tongue
d. AOTA

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Alter the shape of the tongue

Digestion of proteins begins in the
a. Esophagus
b. Stomach
c. Small Intestine
d. Large Intestine

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Stomach

Intrinsic factor
a. Needed for absorption of vit b12, which is used in white blood cell formation
b. Needed for absorption of vit b1, which is used in red blood cell formation
c. Needed for absorption of vit b12, which is used in red blood cell formation
d. Needed for absorption of vit b1, which is used in white blood cell formation

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Needed for absorption of vit b12, which is used in red blood cell formation

Chief cells of the stomach
a. Secrete pepsinogen
b. Secrete trypsinogen
c. Secrete chymotrypsinogen
d. AOTA

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Secrete pepsinogen

25. Defecation Reflex a. Reflex that empties the ileum b. Reflex that empties stomach c. Reflex that empties the rectum d. Reflex that empties the cecum

Reflex that empties the rectum

26. Which of the following describe the composition of saliva? a. 99.5% solutes and .5% water b. Contains immunoglobulin G c. Contains immunoglobulin M d. 99.5% water and .5% solutes

99.5% water and .5% solutes

27. Sympathetic stimulation of salivary gland dominates during a. Sleeping b. Stress c. Reading d. AOTA

Stress

28. Pharyngeal Stage a. Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the stomach a. Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the stomach b. Passage of the chyme through the pharynx into the esophagus c. Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus d. Passage of the chyme through the pharynx into stomach

Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus

29. Voluntary stage a. Stage in which the chyme is passed into the oropharynx b. Stage in which the bolus is passed into the nasopharynx c. Stage in which the bolus is passed into the oropharynx d. Stage in which the chyme is passed into the nasopharynx

Stage in which the bolus is passed into the oropharynx

30. Esophageal stage a. Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the stomach b. Passage of the chyme through the esophagus into the stomach c. Passage of the chyme through the esophagus into the small intestine d. Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the small intestine

Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the stomach

31. This vitamin is best absorbed in the ileum a. B12 b. K c. C d. E

B12

32. Normally, the movement of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract is slowest along this segment a. mouth b. large intestine c. esophagus d. small intestine e. stomach

small intestine

33. the ileum and distal jejunum of a 34yo man are ruptured in an automobile accident. The entire ileum and a portion of the jejunum are resected. What is most likely to occur in this man? a. Constipation b. VitB12 deficiency c. GERD d. Gastric Ulcer

VitB12 deficiency

34. Which of the following describe GERD? a. If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus. b. If the upper esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus. c. If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the small intestine, the small intestine contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus. d. If the upper esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the small intestine, the small intestine contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus.

If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus.

35. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) from the stomach contents can irritate the esophageal wall, resulting in a burning sensation that is called a. Heartburn b. Thyroid Storm c. Heartstop d. NOTA

Heartburn

36. Which of the following describe the LES? a. Contraction of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into stomach. b. Contraction of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into small intestine. c. Relaxation of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into stomach. d. Relaxation of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into small intestine.

Relaxation of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into stomach.

37. The roof of the oral cavity is divided into the hard and soft palates. The hard palate forms the posterior portion and the soft palate forms the anterior portion of the roof of the mouth. a. First statement is true. Second statement is false. b. First statement is false. Second statement is true. c. Both statements are true d. Both statements are false

First statement is true. Second statement is false

38. Twenty deciduous teeth are replaced by a. 31 permanent teeth b. 32 permanent teeth c. 33 permanent teeth d. 35 permanent teeth

32 permanent teeth

39. The bolus stimulates receptors in the oropharynx, which sends impulses to the deglutition center. The returning impulses cause the: a. soft palate and larynx move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Uvula is pulled forward and upward sealing off the respiratory tract. b. soft palate and uvula move downward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is pulled backward and downward sealing off the respiratory tract. c. soft palate and larynx move downward to close off the nasopharynx. Uvula is pulled backward and downward sealing off the respiratory tract. d. soft palate and the uvula move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is pulled forward and upward sealing off the respiratory tract.

soft palate and the uvula move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is pulled forward and upward sealing off the respiratory tract.

40. Which of the following describe the esophagus? a. It produces digestive enzymes b. Events of absorption c. Passageway that conducts food to stomach d. It has two sphincter: ileocecal and pyloric sphincter

Passageway that conducts food to | stomach

41. all of the following are ways on how the sphincter of oddi can relax except a. production of cholecystokinin b. peristaltic wave down the common bile duct c. intestinal peristaltic wave d. production of somatostatin

production of somatostatin

42. Which of the following describe the pyloric sphincter? a. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the large intestine from the small intestine b. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the stomach c. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the stomach from the esophagus d. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the esophagus

sphincter responsible for controlling the food | movement into the small intestine from the stomach

43. Which of the following describe the ileocecal sphincter? a. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the large intestine from the small intestine b. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the stomach c. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the stomach from the esophagus d. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the esophagus

sphincter responsible for controlling the food | movement into the large intestine from the small intestine

44. Which of the following meal will be emptied first? a. 300 cal semi solid high protein b. 300 cal liquid high carbohydrates c. 300 cal liquid high protein d. 300 cal solid high protein

300 cal liquid high carbohydrates

45. maltose is a disaccharide. It’s a combination of: a. 1glucose+ 1glucose b. 2 glucose+ 1 glucose c. 1 glucose + 1 galactose d. 1 glucose + fructose

1glucose+ 1glucose

46. Referred pain for: colon a. right groin area b. low back area c. sacrum d. shoulder blades

sacrum

47. Referred pain for: spleen a. Left shoulder b. Right shoulder c. Lateral border of the right scapula d. Sacrum

Left shoulder

48. Gastric pits are the openings to the gastric glands, which contains a. Mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells b. Mucous neck cells, beta cells, parietal cells c. Mucous neck cells, nerve cells, chief cells d. NOTA

Mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells

49. If bile contains either insufficient bile salts or lecithin or excessive cholesterol, the cholesterol may crystallize to form a. Hepatitis b. Pancreatitis c. Gallstones d. IBD

Gallstones

50. an activating brush border enzyme that splits off part of the trypsinogen molecule to form trypsin. a. eterokinase b. kinterokinase c. enterokinase d. NOTA

enterokinase

Digestive System Flashcards

(50 cards)