Digestive System

Question 1

oral cavity

Answer 1

The mouth, or oral cavity, is the first part of the digestive tract

Question 2

gastrointestinal tract

Answer 2

The organs that food and liquids travel through when they are swallowed, digested, absorbed, and leave the body as feces.

Question 3

hard palate

Answer 3

The front, bony part of the roof of the mouth.

Question 4

soft palate

Answer 4

makes up the posterior third of the palate and is a posterior continuation of the hard palate

Question 5

uvula

Answer 5

The soft flap of tissue that hangs down at the back of the mouth (at the edge of the soft palate)

Question 6

lingual frenulum

Answer 6

a fold of mucous membrane found underneath the tongue

Question 7

pharynx

Answer 7

The hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach)

Question 8

esophagus

Answer 8

The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach

Question 9

mucosa

Answer 9

The moist, inner lining of some organs and body cavities

Question 10

submucosa

Answer 10

The layer of tissue under the mucosa

Question 11

muscularis externa

Answer 11

A region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa membrane.

Question 12

serosa

Answer 12

The outer lining of organs and body cavities of the abdomen and chest, including the stomach.

Question 13

visceral peritoneum

Answer 13

The layers of tissue that cover the outer surface of most organs in the abdomen, including the intestines.

Question 14

parietal peritoneum

Answer 14

an outer layer which adheres to the anterior and posterior abdominal walls

Question 15

mesentery

Answer 15

a fold of membrane that attaches the intestine to the abdominal wall and holds it in place

Question 16

stomach

Answer 16

an important organ and the most dilated portion of the digestive system

Question 17

cardioesophageal sphincter

Answer 17

an involuntary sphincter located at the bottom of the esophagus, where it connects with the stomach.

Question 18

pyloric sphincter

Answer 18

a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the top of the small intestine.

Question 19

rugae

Answer 19

A fold or crease, esp. one of the folds of mucous membrane on the internal surface of the stomach

Question 20

greater curvature

Answer 20

the boundary of the stomach that forms a long usually convex curve on the left from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum

Question 21

lesser curvature

Answer 21

the boundary of the stomach that in humans forms a relatively short concave curve on the right from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum

Question 22

greater omentum

Answer 22

a 4-layered fold of peritoneum that extends down from the stomach, covering much of the colon and small bowel

Question 23

chyme

Answer 23

a thick semifluid mass of partially digested food and digestive secretions that is formed in the stomach and intestine during digestion

Question 24

small intestine

Answer 24

A long tube-like organ that connects the stomach and the large intestine

Question 25

ileocecal valve

Answer 25

a sphincter muscle situated at the junction of the ileum (last portion of your small intestine) and the colon (first portion of your large intestine)

Question 26

duodenum

Answer 26

The first part of the small intestine

Question 27

jejunum

Answer 27

The middle part of the small intestine

Question 28

ileum

Answer 28

The last part of the small intestine

Question 29

pancreatic ducts

Answer 29

Part of a system of ducts in the pancreas

Question 30

bile duct

Answer 30

A tube that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder, through the pancreas, and into the small intestine

Question 31

large intestine

Answer 31

The long, tube-like organ that is connected to the small intestine at one end and the anus at the other.

Question 32

cecum

Answer 32

A pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine.

Question 33

appendix

Answer 33

A small, fingerlike pouch that sticks out from the cecum

Question 34

colon

Answer 34

The longest part of the large intestine

Question 35

rectum

Answer 35

The last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus.

Question 36

anal canal

Answer 36

the terminal part of the gastrointestinal tract that conveys material from the rectum to the anus

Question 37

ascending colon

Answer 37

one of the four major regions of the colon, which is itself one of the parts of our large intestine

Question 38

transverse colon

Answer 38

a segment of the large intestine that passes horizontally across the abdomen and sits beneath other organs in the abdominal cavity

Question 39

descending colon

Answer 39

a section of the large intestine that passes downward

Question 40

sigmoid colon

Answer 40

an “S” shaped portion of the large intestine that begins in front of the pelvic brim as a continuation of the descending colon and becomes the rectum at the level of the third sacral vertebrae.

Question 41

liver

Answer 41

A large organ located in the upper abdomen

Question 42

gall bladder

Answer 42

The pear-shaped organ found below the liver