What is the organisation? (think of the structure of things)
Cells – Tissues – Organs – Organisms
Function of the mouth
Food grinding and mixing
Function of the esophagus
Conducts food to the stomach
Function of the stomach
Stores and breaks down food with enzymes and stomach acid
Function of the small intestine
Absorbs nutrients from partially digested food
Function of the large intestine
Absorbs water and forms waste into feces
Function of the gallbladder
Stores and releases bile for fat digestion
Function of the pancreas
Secretes enzymes to digest carbo, proteins and fats
Function of the rectum
Stores feces before elimination
Function of the anus
Waste removal
What do enzymes do?
- proteins act as biological catalysts
-speed up chemical reactions in living organisms
What is the lock and key theory?
-enzymes fit their substrate
-active site of enzyme is built to fit their substrate
-bind together and release products of a reaction
Which organs produce amylase in the digestive system?
Salivary glands and pancreas
How can enzymes become denatured?
-extreme pH levels
-exposure to certain chemicals
What is bile?
-Fluid made and released by liver
-Stored in gallbladder
-breaks down fatty acids
What is acid in the digestive system?
-Hydrocjhloric acide breaks down the food
-digestive enzymes split up proteins in the food
What is villi?
-line the inner surface of the small intestine
-increasing the surface area of a membrane
What is microvilli?
increases surface area primarily for absorption and secretion
What is optimum pH?
pH value when an enzyme works it’s best
Where do digested foods get absorbed into the blood?
Small intestine
What is digestion?
break down of large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble substances
What do we test sugars with?
Benedicts Solution.
What is the result of testing sugars?
Brick red colour
What do we test proteins with?
Biuret
